Bone

Cranial (2) 

• Mastoid process —> round

• styloid process —> pointy

• External auditory meatus —> hole in the ear

• Jugular foramen  —> vein

• Carotid canal —> arteries

green

Temporal (2)

green

Frontal

hint - back of the skull

occipital

middle, 2 sides

Parietal

circle around the hole of the spinal cord that goes into the head

Occipital Condyles

the hole of the spinal cord that goes into the head

Foramen Magnum

Temporal (2)

Frontal —> front of skull

Parietal —> Middle (2) sides

Occipital —> back of skull '

• Occipital Condyles —> circle around the brainsteam hole

• Forman Magnum —> hole for brainstem

Hint - Round

Mastoid process

red

Styloid process

hole for ear

External Auditory meatus

Vein; above the carotid

Jugular Foramen

arteries

Carotid Canal

Hint - right ext to ear canals (towards the nose)

Mandibular Fossa

Sphenoid - looks like a butterfly; behind eye

Lesser wing —> On top ( less is more)

Greater wing —> bottom indent below lesser ( more is less)

Sella turcica —> middle; seat; between the lesser/greater

On top ( less is more)

Lesser wing

bottom indent below lesser ( more is less)

Greater wing

green

Sella turcica

Cranial cutures

Coronal Suture —> Fount

Sagittal Suture —> The middle

Lambdoid Suture —> Back

Squamosal Suture —> On top of the temporal

Fount suture

Coronal Suture

The middle

Sagittal Suture

Back suture

Lambdoid Suture

Hint - On top of temporal

Squamosal Suture

Hint - Middle of corral suture ( underneath)

Crista galli

Hint - going down the vomer

Perpendicular plate

Hint - bottom of perpendicular plate

Vomer

small line on top/sides of the perpendicular

Middle conch

Hint - “U” under crista galli

Cribriform plate

side of nose (bottom)

Inferior (nasal) concha

Ethmoid

Crista galli —> Middle of corral suture (underneath)

Perpendicular plate —> going down the vomer

Vomer —> bottom of perpendicular plate

Middle conch —> small line on top/sides of the perpendicular

Inferior ( nasal) concha —> side of nose (bottom)

Cribriform plate —> “U” under crista galli

nose

Nasal

green

Lacrimal

roof of mouth

Palatine process

Hint - back of mouth

Horizontal process

blue

Zygomatic

Hint - above the teeth; upper lip

Maxillary bone

below the eye; a little hole

Infraorbital foramen

Hint - have sinus

Maxillary sinus

Fascial bone

Nasal —> nose

Lacrimal —> where tears come out of

Palatine process —> roof of mouth

• Horizontal process —> back of mouth

Vomer —> bottom of perpendicular plate

Zygomatic —> side of cheek

Maxillary bone —> above the teeth; upper lip

• Infraorbital foramen —> below the eye; a little hole

• Maxillary sinus —> (NO ID) have sinus

ooks like a butterfly; behind eye

Sphenoid

Hint - lower jaw bone

Mandible

chin

Mental foramen

Mandible - lower jaw bone

Mental foramen —> chin

Mandibular foramen —> jaw bone; intent

Mandibular condyle —> round ball that fits in jaw socket

jaw bone; intent

Mandibular foramen

Hint - round ball that fits in jaw socket

Mandibular condyle

Vertebral Column - axis of the human body's skeleton

• Body

  • Processes

  • superior processes (2),

  • inferior processes (2),

  • transverse processes (2)

  • spinous process (1)

Cervical Vertebrae —> C₁ —> C₇

Thoracic Vertebrae —> T₁ —> T₁₂

Lumbar Vertebrae —> L ₁ —> L₅

Sacral Vertebrae —> fused into one sacrum

Coccygeal Vertebral —> fused into one coccyx

Vertebrae forman —> hold spinal cord

C₁ —> C₇; top (black)

Cervical Vertebrae

T₁ —> T₁₂; middle (pink)

Thoracic Vertebrae

L ₁ —> L₅; end (blue)

Lumbar Vertebrae

fused into one sacrum (pink)

Sacral Vertebrae

fused into one coccyx (blue)

Coccygeal Vertebral

hold spinal cord

Vertebrae forman

in our neck

Hyoid

Rib cage

Rib - curves longish Boone

• head

• neck

• tubercle

• costal groove

Sternum —> whole thing

Manubrium —> top

Body —> middle

Xiphoid process —>bottom point

What bone is this?

Sternum bone

top (red)

Manubrium

middle (pink)

Body

bottom point (green)

Xiphoid process

How many true ribs?

1 - 7

How many false ribs?

8 - 12

How may floating ribs?

11 - 12

How many ribs in total

24 (12 on each side)

What is C₁?

Atlas

What is C₂?

Axis

Cervical

• Location - Neck

• #of - 7

• Overall size - small

• Transverse framan - YES

• shape of vertebrae process - heart

• shape of spindle process - fork (bifid)

Thoracic

• Location - Thoraxy

• #of - 12

• Overall size - medium

• Transverse framan - NO

• shape of vertebrae process - circle shape

• shape of spindle process - long & pointy

Lumbar

• Location - Lower back

• #of - 5

• Overall size - large

• Transverse framan - NO

• shape of vertebrae process - Triangle

• shape of spindle process - flat

How many vertebrae do we have in total?

33

Articulate with the scapula & sternum; looks like an “S”

Clavicle

Scapula —> shoulder blade

Spine —> back (yellow)

Glenoid Fossa —> socket of shoulder (purple)

Lateral border —> outside edge wing (blue)

medial border —> inside edge wing (red)

acromial process —> big “hook” (orange)

coracoid process —> small “hook” (green)

back (yellow)

Spine

socket of shoulder (purple)

Glenoid Fossa

outside edge wing (blue)

Lateral border

inside edge wing (red)

medial border

big “hook” (orange)

acromial process

small “hook” (green)

coracoid process

Humerus —> arm bone

Deltoid tuberosity —> bump on shaft; middle

Greater tubercle —> large indent between

Lesser tubercle —> small indent between

head —> big socket (red)

lateral epicondyle —> outside

Medial epicondyle —> inside

Olecranon fossa —> bigger on the back side; indent/grove

Cordonoid fossa —> small on the front; grove

Capitulum —> bow without the ribbon in the middle (blue)

Trochlea —> middle of ribbon (green)

bump on shaft; middle

Deltoid tuberosity

large indent between (red)

Greater tubercle

small indent between (blue)

Lesser Tubercle

big socket (red)

head

outside (blue)

lateral epicondyle

inside (red)

Medial epicondyle

bigger on the back side; indent/grove (red)

Olecranon fossa

small on the front; grove (blue)

Cordonoid fossa

bow without the ribbon in the middle (blue)

Capitulum

middle of ribbon (green)

Trochlea

Unla —> Forarm

Styloid process —> the bottom tip (blue)

head —> thin; not hook

Radial notch —> smooth mall indentation (lower hook) side (red)

Olecranon process —> top of the hook (orange)

Trochlea notch —> the hook inside (yellow)

the bottom tip (blue)

Styloid process

thin; not hook

head

smooth mall indentation (lower hook) side (red)

Radial notch

top of the hook (orange)

Olecranon process

the hook inside (yellow)

Trochlea notch

Radius —> forarm

Head —> more rounded; flat side

Styloid process —> pointy

Ulnar notch —> little indented opposite styloid process

more rounded; flat side

head

pointy

Styloid process

little indented opposite styloid process

Ulnar notch

Hand

Carpals —> 8 bones

Metacarpals —> 5 bone

How many bone are in the hand?

27 bones

8 bones (pink)

Carpals