TFN BATTERY EXAM

Metaparadigm

The four central nursing concepts: Person, Environment, Health, Nursing

Florence Nightingale

Environment Theory

Environment Theory

Healing through proper environmental control

Key Focus (Nightingale)

Fresh air, light, warmth, cleanliness, nutrition

Jean Watson

Theory of Human Caring

Human Caring

Caring is the essence of nursing

Carative Factors

Ten caring factors that promote healing

Ann Boykin

Nursing as Caring Theory

Nursing as Caring

All persons are inherently caring

Virginia Henderson

Need Theory

Need Theory

Nurse helps patient gain independence

14 Basic Needs

Breathe, eat, eliminate, move, sleep, dress, temperature, hygiene, safety, communication, worship, work, play, learn

Faye Abdellah

21 Nursing Problems

21 Nursing Problems

Patient-centered problem-solving approach

Dorothea Orem

Self-Care Deficit Theory

Self-Care Deficit

The patient needs nursing when unable to perform self-care

Wholly Compensatory

Nurse provides all care

Partially Compensatory

Nurse and patient share care

Supportive-Educative

Nurse primarily teaches and supports

Sister Callista Roy

Adaptation Model

Adaptation Model

Person adapts to environmental stimuli

Focal Stimulus

Immediate stimulus requiring attention

Contextual Stimulus

Other contributing factors

Residual Stimulus

Unclear or indirect influencing factors

Physiologic Mode

Physical adaptation

Self-Concept Mode

Psychological adaptation

Role Function Mode

Social role adaptation

Interdependence Mode

Relationship adaptation

Dorothy Johnson

Behavioral System Theory

Behavioral System

The person is a system of behaviors seeking balance

Myra Levine

Conservation Model

Conservation

Maintaining wholeness and integrity

Energy Conservation

Preserve energy for healing

Structural Integrity

Maintain body structure

Personal Integrity

Maintain self-worth

Social Integrity

Maintain social relationships

Betty Neuman

Systems Model

Systems Model

Client is an open system affected by stressors

Intrapersonal Stressor

Occurs within the individual

Interpersonal Stressor

Occurs between individuals

Extrapersonal Stressor

Occurs outside the individual

Primary Prevention

Before stress occurs

Secondary Prevention

Early treatment after stress

Tertiary Prevention

Recovery and rehabilitation

Joyce Travelbee

Human-to-Human Relationship Theory

Empathy

Sharing another's experience

Sympathy

Desire to reduce suffering

Rapport

Therapeutic connection and trust

Hildegard Peplau

Interpersonal Relations Theory

Orientation Phase

Patient seeks help; relationship begins

Identification Phase

Patient works with nurse

Exploitation Phase

Patient uses available services

Resolution Phase

Relationship ends as goals are met

Imogene King

Goal Attainment Theory

Transaction

Nurse and patient set goals together

Personal System

Individual person

Interpersonal System

Interacting individuals

Social System

Larger societal groups

Ida Jean Orlando

Deliberative Nursing Process Theory

Immediate Need for Help

Focus of nursing action

ADPIE

Assessment, Diagnosis, Planning, Implementation, Evaluation

Ernestine Wiedenbach

Helping Art of Clinical Nursing

Central Purpose

Goal nurse wants to accomplish

Prescription

Nursing action to achieve goal

Madeleine Leininger

Transcultural Nursing Theory

Culture Care

Culturally congruent nursing care

Emic

Folk or insider knowledge

Etic

Professional knowledge

Culture Shock

Disorientation in a new culture

Cultural Competence

Ability to provide effective cross-cultural care

Martha Rogers

Theory of Unitary Human Beings

Energy Field

Fundamental unit of living and environment

Openness

No boundaries between person and environment

Resonancy

Continuous change in energy patterns

Helicy

Unpredictable continuous change

Integrality

Mutual interaction of person and environment

Margaret Newman

Health as Expanding Consciousness

Expanding Consciousness

Health is awareness and meaning, not merely absence of disease