Unit 5: Blood, Sweat, and air pt. 1

Cellular respiration

cells break down sugar for energy.

Mitochondria

Cell powerhouses that make energy(ATP)

ATP

the main energy currency of the cell. It's a molecule that carries chemical energy within cells for metabolism.

ADP

is what's left after ATP loses a phosphate group to release energy. Think of it as a "partially discharged" battery that can be recharged back into ATP.

Glucose

Simple sugar, main energy source for cells.

Water

essential for life, many roles in body, made of H₂O.

Oxygen

gas essential for respiration, produced by plants during photosynthesis.

Carbon dioxide

a gas produced by respiration and used by plants in photosynthesis. Its chemical formula is CO₂.

Aerobic

"with air" or "with oxygen," and it refers to processes that require oxygen.

Anaerobic

without air or oxygen. It describes processes that don't need oxygen.

Acetic acid fermentation

a process where bacteria convert ethanol (alcohol) into acetic acid (vinegar) in the presence of oxygen.

Homeostasis

The process through which an organism maintains a stable internal environment despite changes in external conditions.

Heart

a muscular organ that pumps blood throughout the body.

Blood

Blood is a fluid that transports oxygen and nutrients in the body.

Artery

a blood vessel that carries blood away from the heart to the body.

Vein

a blood vessel that carries blood towards the heart.

Capillary

a tiny blood vessel that connects arteries to veins, facilitating the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste between blood and tissues.

Feedback loop

A feedback loop is a biological mechanism where the output of a system amplifies or inhibits the system.

Hormone

a chemical messenger produced by the body that travels in the blood to regulate various bodily functions.

Body temperature

The measure of heat in your body

Blood glucose

The main sugar found in your body and comes from the food to eat. Its your body’s primary source of energy

Blood pressure

the force of blood pushing against artery walls. It's measured as systolic (heart beating) over diastolic (heart resting) pressure.