Attentional Capture + Distractor Suppression

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Last updated 3:27 AM on 6/10/26
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11 Terms

1
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Findings on research about colour singletons and attentional capture (1) + what it suggests (1)

  • Reaction times for identifying line orientation are slower when there is a colour singleton present

  • indicating how salient stimuli capture our attention + interfere with processing

**supports that we have limited attentional resources

<ul><li><p>Reaction times for identifying line orientation are slower when there is a colour singleton present</p></li><li><p>indicating how salient stimuli capture our attention + interfere with processing</p></li></ul><p>**supports that we have limited attentional resources </p><p></p>
2
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Significance of distractor suppression (1)

  • In addition to attentional selection, is important for attention to function effectively

3
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2 inhibitory mechanisms + related ERP

  • Inhibition of return (IOR)

  • Active distractor suppression

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IOR description

  • After attention is briefly captured by a cue, there is a short delay in our attention returning to the same location

5
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IOR function (1)

  • Encourage exploration and avoid distraction by the same stimulus (don’t want to ‘waste’ limited neural resources on it, since it probably hasn’t changed)

6
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Research findings supporting active suppression of salient distractors (2)

• People fail to see a probe that appears on a salient distractor → area is actively being suppressed, rather than just ‘not seeing it’

• People fail to look first at the salient distractor

7
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Distractor Positivity (PD) def (1) + property (1)

  • A specific ERP component associated with the active suppression of salient distractors

  • Contralateral (brain activity on the right if distractor is on left of visual field)

8
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Significance of emotion in relation to distraction?

Emotional stimuli are more distracting than neutral stimuli (but note that neutral stimuli can still be somewhat distracting)

9
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Example of emotional distraction (name)

  • Emotion-induced blindness

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Emotion-induced blindness description

Emotional distractor causes an observer to miss a subsequent target which is followed in quick succession

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How biased competition model in conjunction with EEG evidence can explain emotion-induced blindness (1)

  • A larger N2 response to emotional distractor leads to smaller N2 response to actual target (limited resources) → poorer performance/identification of target