GEOLCE Chapter 2.5 COAL AND PETROLEUM
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28 Terms
Coal
A combustible sedimentary rock formed from plant remains.
Coalification
Process of forming coal from organic material.
Coal Seam
Layer of coal in the ground.
Lignite
Low-grade coal with low energy.
Black Coal
Higher-grade coal with higher energy content.
Thermal Coal
Used for electricity generation.
Metallurgical Coal
Used in steel production.
Surface Mining
Extraction of coal near the surface.
Underground Mining
Extraction of deep coal deposits.
Petroleum
A naturally occurring liquid composed mainly of hydrocarbons.
Crude Oil
Unrefined petroleum.
Hydrocarbons
Organic compounds made of hydrogen and carbon.
Refining
Process of separating crude oil into useful products.
Fractional Distillation
Method of separating petroleum components.
LPG
Liquefied petroleum gas used as fuel.
Diesel
Fuel used in engines.
Kerosene
Fuel used for heating and lighting.
Bitumen
Used in road construction.
Oil Trap
Accumulation of petroleum between impermeable rock layers.
Inorganic Origin
Theory that petroleum forms from non-living materials.
Organic Origin
Theory that petroleum forms from decomposed organisms.
Deep-Seated Hypothesis
Petroleum formed from metallic carbides.
Extra-Terrestrial Hypothesis
Petroleum formed from cosmic materials.
Anaerobic Decomposition
Breakdown without oxygen.
Plankton
Microscopic organisms contributing to petroleum formation.
Sedimentation
Accumulation of particles forming layers.
Coke
Fuel derived from coal used in steel production.
Asphalt
Petroleum product used in road construction.