PRINT- CH. 4 Comparisions

Comparision

A side-by-side examination of latent/unknown impression and a known impression

evaluation

examining all correspondence and non-correspondence noted during comparision phase at all three levels of detail and render a conclusion

we start with latent first because

it helps avoid mindset influence

mindset influence

if we start with a clear image (the known) the brain may form an expectation and trick us into seeing the same feature in the unclear image when it is not present

why are no two prints exactly the same

distortion and differences within tolerance

identification/ individualization

The unknown impression was made by the same source as the known exemplars

Inconclusive similarities cannot be identified

There are similarities noted between the unknown impression and the known exemplars however, the similarities are not sufficient to identify

Inconclusive quality of latent

Due to the quality of the latent or unknown orientation, a conclusion cannot be rendered.

Inconclusive quality of knowns

Due to the quality of the known exemplars a conclusion cannot be rendered

Inconclusive differences cannot exclude

There are differences noted between the unknown impression and the known exemplars; however thedifferences are not sufficient to exclude

Exclusion

The unknown impression was not made by the same source as the known exemplar