Glucose and Polysaccharides: Structure and Function

Flashcards covering the structure and function of glucose, sucrose, and polysaccharides such as starch, cellulose, and glycogen.

Glucose functions primarily as an __________ for cellular respiration.

energy source

The aldehyde functional group in glucose contributes to its __________.

reactivity

The presence of free OH groups in glucose allows it to be __________ in water.

dissolved

Glucose serves as a monomer for building __________, cellulose, and glycogen for storage.

starch

Beta glucose forms __________ for structural support.

cellulose

Sucrose is composed of two __________ sugars.

hexose

The bond type that links the hexose sugars in sucrose is called an __________ bond.

α-1,2-glycosidic

Like glucose, sucrose is characterized by its small structure and __________ in water.

solubility

Amylose, cellulose, amylopectin, and glycogen are types of __________.

polysaccharides

Glycogen functions as a __________ storage molecule in animals.

glucose

Glycogen has more frequent branching than __________, facilitating rapid mobilization of glucose.

amylopectin

The rigid structure of cellulose is due to __________ bonding, which contributes to its strength.

hydrogen

Cellulose cannot be broken down by humans due to the presence of __________ bonds.

1,4 beta glycosidic

The functional role of starch in plants is primarily for __________ storage.

glucose

Glycogen's structure includes a-1,6 linkages that allow for __________ and debranching.

branching

Starch's linear shape allows for increased __________ bonding, making it less soluble in water.

intramolecular

Cellulose is a source of rich __________ that cannot be digested by non-herbaceous animals.

fiber