The Role of Nutrition on CV Health - Part II

A series of vocabulary flashcards related to the influence of nutrition on cardiovascular (CV) health, focusing on terms and concepts discussed in the lecture.

Dyslipidemia

An abnormal amount of lipids in the blood, often associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD).

Saturated Fatty Acids (SFAs)

Fats that can raise total cholesterol (TC) and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) levels in the blood, raising CVD risk.

Trans Fatty Acids (TFAs)

Artificial fats that also raise TC and LDL levels, while lowering high-density lipoprotein (HDL), increasing the risk of heart disease.

Portfolio Diet

An evidence-based eating plan designed to lower cholesterol through the inclusion of plant sterols, nuts, viscous fibers, and soy protein.

C-reactive protein (CRP)

A protein that indicates inflammation in the body, with elevated levels being associated with cardiovascular risk factors.

DASH Diet

Dietary Approaches to Stop Hypertension; emphasizes the intake of fruits, vegetables, whole grains, and low-fat dairy, while limiting sodium.

Viscous Fiber

Fiber that forms a gel-like substance in the gut, helping to reduce cholesterol levels and improve heart health.

Guidelines for sodium intake

Recommended daily sodium intake ranges from 1500-2300 mg, particularly important for preventing hypertension.

Good vs Bad Carbs

Good carbohydrates come from whole, unprocessed foods like fruits and vegetables, while bad carbohydrates come from processed foods with little nutritional value.

Mediterranean Diet

Diet based on the traditional cuisines of countries bordering the Mediterranean Sea, focusing on whole grains, vegetables, fruits, nuts, and olive oil.

The Role of Nutrition on CVD

Nutrition plays a vital role in managing cholesterol levels, blood sugar, blood pressure, and overall weight, thereby reducing CVD risk.

Plant Sterols

Naturally occurring compounds in plants that help reduce cholesterol absorption in the intestine.

Caloric Deficit

A state where calorie intake is less than calorie expenditure, leading to weight loss, which can help lower blood pressure and cholesterol.

Weight Management

The process of adopting healthy eating and physical activity habits to maintain a healthy weight.

Omega-3 Fatty Acids

Healthy fats found in fish and some plant sources; beneficial for heart health and lowering triglycerides.