Inheritance

How many pairs of chromosomes do human cells have

23 pairs

how can cells divide

Mitosis

What is mitosis

When one cell is copied into two identical cells

What are gametes

cells which the cromosomes are not paired

Where are the gametes in humans

sperm and egg cell

how many SINGLE chromososomes does human gametes contain?

23 SINGLE chromosomes

how are gametes made?

meiosis

other than in humans where else can meiosis take place

in flowering plants and the gametes produced are pollen and egg cells

What is fertilisation

The fusion of male and female gametes

what does the offspring recieve from both male and female parents?

two different genetic information which is why there is genetic variation beecause every gamete is different

how may parents in sexual and asexual reproduction?

sexual - 2 parents

asexual - 1 parent

since there is only one parent in asexual reproduction what does that mean? in terms of gametes?

the process does not involve gametes therefore the offsprings are all genetically identical. these offsprings can be called clones

what reproductive process is involved during asexual reproduction?

Mitosis only

where does meiosis take place?

in reproductive organs —> ovaries and testies

what happens in the first stage of meiosis?

all the chromosomes are copied so the pair of chromosomes in the gametes double so there are two pairs of chromoses (4 single chromosomes)

what happens in stage two of meiosis?

The cell divides into two

what happens in stage 3 of meiosis?

both the cells divide one more time forming 2 gametes each (total there are 4).

in these gametes the chromosomes are now single, not paired

what does meiosis do to the number of chromosomes in each cell?

halved

how many gametes does meiosis form?

four and they are genetically different from each other