Psychpt7

Confounds

________- two variables are intertwined so one can not tell which is the dependant or independent.

Prediction

________- If cell phone use negative; y impacts driving performance, then those in the cell phone group will have slower reaction times than those in the control group.

Validity

________: how well an experimental procedure test what it is design to do.

Prediction

If cell phone use negative;y impacts driving performance, then those in the cell phone group will have slower reaction times than those in the control group

Within-subjects design

the same participant tests all conditions corresponding to a variable (subjects drives with and without cell), and this may preserve the variables since the person would have the same experience, age, and so on but doing one part of the experiment before the other may affect how they react to the next part of the study

Between subjects design

different participants are assigned to different conditions corresponding to a variable (one subject drives w/cell phone and another drives w/o a cell phone)

Random assignment

When using between-subjects design, random assignment does not eliminate differences across groups but attempts to balance them by distributing them randomly across conditions and this helps them minimize the possibility of alternative explanations accounting for the results

Counterbalancing

involves alternating the order of condition assignment across subjects, reducing the possibility of potentially confounding order effects influencing the results

Validity

how well an experimental procedure test what it is design to do

Internal validity

degree to which an experiment supports clear causal conclusions(flawed designs have low internal validity)

Confounds

two variables are intertwined so one cannot tell which is the dependant or independent