Evolution and Development of the Brain

A set of vocabulary flashcards highlighting key concepts related to the evolution and development of the brain.

Cognition

The mental action or process of acquiring knowledge and understanding through thought, experience, and the senses.

Evolutionary specializations

Adaptations in brain structure and function that are specific to certain species or groups, enhancing their ability to survive and thrive.

Nature vs. Nurture debate

The discussion regarding the relative contributions of genetics (nature) and environment (nurture) to human development.

Neural precursor cells

Stem cells in the neural tube that have the potential to develop into various types of neurons.

Myelination

The process of forming a myelin sheath around nerves, crucial for the proper functioning of the nervous system.

Synaptogenesis

The formation of synapses between neurons in the nervous system, essential for brain development.

Interactive specialization

A viewpoint suggesting that functional brain development results from the organization of interregional interactions across the brain.

Constructivism

A theory in psychology (notably proposed by Piaget) that suggests knowledge is constructed through interactions with the environment, rather than a product of innate structures.

Epigenetics

The study of changes in gene expression caused by mechanisms other than changes in the DNA sequence, often influenced by environmental factors.

Fusiform Face Area (FFA)

A region in the human brain that is specialized for face recognition and processing.