Lang/lit 1 Honors Second Semester Study Guide

Mrs. Gunst's Class

admonish

warn or reprimand

affliction

causes pain or suffering

cadaverous

of or like a corpse

calibrate

to determine, meeting the graduation of

caricature

a picture or description (deeply exaggerated)

chauvinist

a person who is aggressively and blindly patriotic

cognizant

having awareness

confound

to perplex or damage by a sudden disturbance

dissonance

in harmonious or harsh sound

edifice

a building, especially one of large size or imposing appearance

embezzle

steal money from an organization for oneself

embroil

involve (someone) deeply in a conflict

emissary

a person sent on a special mission

ensue

happen or occur afterward

entity

thing with distinct and independent existence

ambiguous

double meaning

arbitrary

based on chance

austere

severe or strict in manner

corroborate

confirm or give support to

cryptic

having a mysterious meaning

deference

humble submission/respect

disparage

regard or represent as being of little worth

elusive

difficult to find, catch, or achieve

engender

to produce, cause, or give rise to

erratic

inconsistent, irregular, unpredictable

fortuitous

happening or produced by chance

gregarious

found of the company of others; sociable

hypothetical

assumed as theoretical possibility

impartial

not biased or just

incisive

penetrating or cutting

judicious

showing good judgement

meticulous

attention to detail

pragmatic

dealing with things sensibly

substantiate

provide evidence supporting truth

alliteration

repetition of initial sound

ballad

verse/song that tells a story

enjambment

continuation of a sentence or phrase w/o punctuation

meter

structuring lines by stressed and unstressed

similie

comparing things by using like or as

theme

central, underlying message

internal rhyme

when a poet places rhyming words in a line

iambic pentameter

10 syllables, stressed/unstressed beats

allusion

reference to outside idea

consonance

repetition of same consonant sounds in the same word

free verse

no rhyme scheme

onomatopoeia

using words to imitate sounds

stanza

lines in a poem separated by a blank line

tone

poets attitude to the subject

slant/rhyme

lyrics and poetry sound similar but don’t match entirely

assonance

repetition of similar vowels or sounds in nearby words

diction

choice of words and arrangement in poem

metaphor

comparison of two things without using like or as

rhythm

audible beat or peace of a poem

symbol

a concrete object that represents something more

verse

single metrical line

sonnet

10 syllables, alternating stress, 12 lines (3 quatrains), 2 lines (one couplet), Volta, ABAB CDCD EFEF GG

charged language

using words with strong connotations to influence the audience

parallelism

matching grammatical structure to create rhythm

repetition

intentional reuse of words to create rhythm or emphasize ideas

analogy

an extensive comparison

counterclaim

opposing arguement

concession

writer acknowledges point of opposing side

rebuttal

counterargument in response to opposing side

rhetorical appeals

different persuasion methods

logos

appeal to logic: using reasoning and evidence

pathos

appeal to emotions: using language to arouse emotions

ethos

appeal to authority: presenting the speaker or writer as an authority to the subject