american pageant chapter 21

Battle of Bull Run

First major battle of the Civil War and a victory for the South, dispelling Northern illusions of swift victory.

Peninsula Campaign

Union General George B. McClellan's failed effort to seize Richmond, the Confederate Capital.

Merrimack

Confederate ironclad whose success against wooden ships signaled an end to wooden warships.

Monitor

Union ironclad that fought an historic battle against the Merrimack, marking the end of wooden warships.

Second Battle of Bull Run

Civil War battle ending in a decisive victory for Confederate General Robert E. Lee.

Battle of Antietam

Landmark battle in the Civil War demonstrating Union army prowess, forestalling foreign intervention.

Emancipation Proclamation

Declared all slaves in rebelling states free; closed the door on possible compromise with the South.

Thirteenth Amendment

Constitutional amendment prohibiting all forms of slavery and involuntary servitude.

Battle of Fredericksburg

Decisive victory for Confederate Robert E. Lee, who successfully repelled a Union attack.

Battle of Gettysburg

Civil War battle in PA that ended in Union victory, spelling doom for the Confederacy.

Gettysburg Address

Abraham Lincoln's speech at the dedication of Gettysburg cemetery, emphasizing liberty.

Battle of Fort Henry and Fort Donelson

Key victory for Union General Ulysses S. Grant, securing the North's hold on Kentucky.

Battle of Shiloh

Bloody battle on the Tennessee-Mississippi border resulting in more than 23,000 deaths.

Siege of Vicksburg

Two-and-a-half month siege leading to the Union's control of the Mississippi River.

Sherman's march

Union General Sherman's destructive march through Georgia, showcasing 'total war' tactics.

Copperheads

Northern Democrats who obstructed the war effort by attacking Lincoln, the draft, and emancipation.

The Man Without a Country

Fictional account inspiring Northern devotion to the Union by Edward Everett Hale.

Union Party

Coalition party formed in 1864 of pro-war Democrats and Republicans to defeat anti-war Democrats.

Wilderness Campaign

Brutal clashes between Grant's and Lee's armies leading to the capture of Richmond.

Appomattox Courthouse

Site where Robert E. Lee surrendered to Ulysses S. Grant in April 1865.

Reform Bill of 1867

Granted suffrage to all male British citizens, expanding the electorate significantly.

Thomas J. ('Stonewall') Jackson

Confederate general known for his tactics and victories, killed at the Battle of Chancellorsville.

George B. McClellan

Union general known for commanding the Army of the Potomac and leading the Peninsula Campaign.

Robert E. Lee

Confederate general known for his bold tactics and leading Confederate forces during the Civil War.

John Pope

Union general defeated by Robert E. Lee at the Second Battle of Bull Run.

A.E. Burnside

Union general who replaced McClellan, lost at Fredericksburg after a poor attack.

Joseph Hooker

Union general known for bold attacks but lost his command after failure at Chancellorsville.

George G. Meade

Union general who led the Army of the Potomac to victory at Gettysburg.

George Pickett

Confederate general known for leading the ill-fated charge at Gettysburg.

Ulysses S. Grant

Union general who achieved key victories and accepted Lee's surrender at Appomattox.

William Tecumseh Sherman

Union general known for his 'total war' strategy and destructive march through Georgia.

Salmon Chase

Abolitionist and Secretary of the Treasury who pushed Lincoln for tougher slavery measures.

Clement L. Vallandigham

Democratic congressman convicted for treasonous outbursts during the Civil War.

John Wilkes Booth

Actor and Confederate sympathizer who assassinated Abraham Lincoln.