Humanities Fall Semester - Art

Dome

________: hemisphere thing on top and have oculus and coffers.

Calligraphy

________: embodiment of the sacred word of god; way of writing.

Monolith

________: one block of stone carved into something.

Parthenon

________: Temple for Goddess Athena, also a treasury; has frieze (sculptures high up and on all 4 sides), metope, pediment, and convex pillars (entasis)

Arch

________: Perfected by the Romans, it consists of a keystone, voussoirs, and a springer /springing.

Dome of the Rock

________: in Jerusalem, sacred to Muslims (Muhammeds journey to heaven), Jews (Abraham prepared his sons sacrifice), and Christians (Last Supper), Byzantine mosaics.

Hellenistic

________: motion and emotion, not idealized, less beauty.

Frescoes

________: painting done rapidly on wet plaster on the wall.

Kritios Boy

________: Earilest example of contrapposto (one leg bent causing a dip); shows change from Archiac to Classical.

Mosaic

________: little bits (tesserae) to make art, modeled after mythology or Roman life.

Minaret

________: Tall tower found near Mosques to indicate there is a Mosque nearby.

Colosseum

________: Made for the plebs to have less revolts, entertained by gladiator and aquatic fights****

Motte and Bailey

On hill, not supposed to last because supposed to build quickly, Grass area is the _____, keep is highest, hill is the ________.

Predella

________: Buddha sits on top of this and has 5 monks on it.

Gothic

________ is more ornameted and "scary looking "and have gargoyles for the water flow.

Oculus

________: a round or circular hole or window; ex: the hole in the middle of the Pantheon.

Minaret

________: Tall tower found near Mosques to indicate there is a Mosque nearby; used to make calls to prayer

Keystone

________: Top, middle piece on an arch.

Tessellation

________: repeating geometric shapes without gaps.

Bodhisattva

________: person who has attained enlightenment but delays Nirvana in order to help others reach Nirvana, too.

Pieta

________ by Michelangelo: Means pity, made at 23, ppl were haters, some dude even tried to break it with a hammer while saying "I am Jesus Christ. Depicts sad Virgin Mary after the death of Jesus (only piece Michelangelo signed, regretted it later)

Pediment

________: The Triangle shape you see on classical buildings such as temples.

Ushnisha

________: Hairbun looking thing on the Buddha, symbol of enlightenment.

Aniconism

________: No Humans or Idols because it is believed that only god can perceive living things.

Pantheon

________:"All the Gods, "has similarities to Greek Art (column, frieze, and pediment)****

Quetzalcoatl

________: Their Main god, a lot of the art related to this god.

Venus of Willendorf

________: Represents fertility, given to pregnant woman (nomadic) women for good luck.

Gothic

________ used Basilica structure which was less like a cross while Roman used cruciform- cross, more ornate and disney-villain like.

Venus of Willendorf

Represents fertility, given to pregnant woman (nomadic) women for good luck

Colosseum

Made for the plebs to have less revolts, entertained by gladiator and aquatic fights

Arch

Perfected by the Romans, it consists of a keystone, voussoirs, and a springer/springing

Keystone

Top, middle piece on an arch

Dome

hemisphere thing on top and have oculus and coffers

Pantheon

"All the Gods", has similarities to Greek Art (column, frieze, and pediment)

Mosaic

little bits(tesserae) to make art, modeled after mythology or Roman life

Minaret

Tall tower found near Mosques to indicate there is a Mosque nearby

Mosque

Islamic place of prayer

Dome of the Rock

in Jerusalem, sacred to Muslims (Muhammeds journey to heaven), Jews (Abraham prepared his sons sacrifice), and Christians (Last Supper), Byzantine mosaics

Arabesque

intertwined flowing lines

Calligraphy

embodiment of the sacred word of god; way of writing

Tessellation

repeating geometric shapes without gaps

Ziggurat

In Modern Iraq, built for the Moon Goddess, Nanna

Monolith

one block of stone carved into something

Archaic

Rigid, awkward smile

Classical

Idealitic over realistic, more natural

Hellenistic

motion and emotion, not idealized, less beauty

Kritios Boy

Earilest example of contrapposto (one leg bent causing a dip); shows change from Archiac to Classical

Frescoes

painting done rapidly on wet plaster on the wall

Pediment

The Triangle shape you see on classical buildings such as temples

Parthenon

Temple for Goddess Athena, also a treasury; has frieze(sculptures high up and on all 4 sides), metope, pediment, and convex pillars (entasis)

Corinthian

Fancy Pillar

Ionic

"I"-shaped pillar

Doric

Dork Pillar

Terracotta Soldiers of Shi Huangdi

Terracotta is brown-red first to make sculptures, realistic statues of an army, hidden, accidentally found, also weapons and horses

Bodhisattva

person who has attained enlightenment but delays Nirvana in order to help others reach Nirvana, too

Flying buttress

inclined structure which provides support to the wall with the help of the normal buttress

Illuminated manuscript

Monks and nuns copied books accentuated by hand-drawn illustrations and borders, done on calfskin

Epicene

looks like male and female (in Buddhism and Indian art)

Stupa

"heap" in Sanskrit, early place of Buddha worship, dome is symbol of karma (wheel of law), people walk around it

Nimbus

Halo surrounding the Buddha

Ushnisha

Hairbun looking thing on the Buddha, symbol of enlightenment

Third Eye

Buddha has better vision (sees beyond the material world)

Elongated Ears

From the earrings because former prince

Mudra

symbolic hand gesture which shows meditation

Lotus Position

purity and sitting position

Wheel

On the heel, shows perfection because circle "lacks nothing"

Predella

Buddha sits on top of this and has 5 monks on it

The Last Supper by da Vinci

Can see the pyramid configuration (linear perspective pointing to Jesus), triangle shaped stuff like Jesus

General Characteristics of African Art

Portable, wood, no name, unknown artist, blends religions, idealized