ess midterm

environmental science

System

A set of components (inputs, outputs, flows, and storages) and their interactions in an environmental context.

Model

A simplified representation of complex systems used for evaluation, prediction, and analysis.

Hydrological Cycle

The continuous movement of water within the Earth and atmosphere, including processes like evaporation and condensation.

Keystone Species

A species that has a disproportionately large effect on its environment relative to its abundance, crucial for ecosystem stability.

Flagship Species

A prominent or charismatic species used to raise awareness and promote conservation efforts.

Lincoln Index

A method for estimating animal populations based on the capture-mark-recapture technique.

Simpson’s Diversity Index

A mathematical formula used to measure the diversity of a community by considering both the richness and evenness of species.

Zonation

The distribution of different ecological communities in a systematic arrangement across a landscape, influenced by factors like altitude.

Climate Change

Long-term alteration of temperature and typical weather patterns in a place, impacting ecosystems and biodiversity.

Energy Security

The uninterrupted availability of energy sources at an affordable price, vital for sustainable development.

Renewable Energy

Energy derived from natural processes that are continuously replenished, such as solar or wind energy.

Non-renewable Energy

Energy sources that are finite and will not replenish in a human timeframe, such as fossil fuels.

Biodiversity Hotspot

A biogeographic region that is both a significant reservoir of biodiversity and is threatened by human activities.

Habitat Loss

The destruction or alteration of the natural environment, resulting in a decline in species populations.

Pollution

Contamination of the environment by harmful substances, negatively impacting biodiversity and ecosystems.

Spectacled Bear

A vulnerable species native to the Andes, impacted by habitat destruction and environmental changes.

Diversity Indices

Mathematical measures used to quantify the biodiversity in a habitat, indicating the variety and abundance of species.