IPS2: Pharmacology - Practice Questions - Set 1

Proverbs 16:3

a. Drug

It is any article or agent used in the mitigation, diagnosis, prevention, treatment or cure of diseases in man and in animals:

a. Drug

b. Food

c. Device

d. Cosmetic

a. Pharmacology

The study of drugs is:

a. Pharmacology

b. Pharmacodynamics

c. Pharmacokinetics

d. Pharmacotherapeutics

a. Pharmacokinetics

The branch of Pharmacology that denotes "What the body does to the drug?" is:

a. Pharmacokinetics

b. Pharmacodynamic

c. Pharmacogenomics

d. Pharmacotherapeutics

b. Pharmacodynamic

The field of pharmacology that describes the biochemical and physiologic effects of drugs in biological system is:

a. Pharmacokinetics

b. Pharmacodynamic

c. Pharmacogenomics

d. Pharmacotherapeutics

a. I, II, III, IV

Target proteins where a drug could elicit its action include:

I. Tubulin

II. Microtubules

III. Enzymes

IV. Receptors

a. I, II, III, IV

b. II, III, IV

c. I, II

d. III, IV

b. I, II, III

Structural proteins:

I. Are proteins that form cytoskeleton or framework of the cell.

II. Are responsible for locomotion, axonal movement of neurotransmitters and mitosis.

III. Microtubules and Tubulins.

IV. Regulate the normal physiologic activity of the cell.

a. I, II, III, IV

b. I, II, III

c. II, III, IV

d. I, III, IV

c. Verapamil

→Colchicine, Griseofulvin and Vincristine are all inhibitors of microtubule synthesis

The following are inhibitors of microtubule synthesis, except:

a. Colchicine

b. Vincristine

c. Verapamil

d. Griseofulvin

a. I, II, III, IV

Regulatory proteins:

I. Ion channels

II. Carriers

III. Enzymes

IV. Receptors

a. I, II, III, IV

b. II, III, IV

c. I, III

d. II, IV

c. Sodium

→Rationale:

• Primary Cation → “PISO”

• Secondary Cation → '“MICO”

• Primary Anion → “PhIClO”

• Secondary Anion → “SulIBio”

The main extracellular cation is:

a. Magnesium

b. Calcium

c. Sodium

d. Chloride

a. Phosphate

→Rationale:

• Primary Cation → “PISO”

• Secondary Cation → '“MICO”

• Primary Anion → “PhIClO”

• Secondary Anion → “SulIBio”

The main intracellular anion is:

a. Phosphate

b. Potassium

c. Chloride

d. Magnesium

c. Calcium

An ion that is required for muscular contraction, release of neurotransmitter and a structural component of bones is:

a. Phosphorus

b. Sodium

c. Calcium

d. Potassium

a. Magnesium

It is considered as the natural calcium channel blocker:

a. Magnesium

b. Iron

c. Phosphate

d. Potassium

c. Amiodarone

Sodium channel blockers, except:

a. Class I antiarrhythmics

b. Lidocaine

c. Amiodarone

d. Phenytoin

b. Carrier molecules

These are cell membrane proteins with specific binding sites that undergo conformational changes:

a. Ion channels

b. Carrier molecules

c. Enzymes

d. Receptors

b. Carrier molecules

Na+-K+ ATPase and Proton Pump are examples of:

a. Ion channels

b. Carrier molecules

c. Enzymes

d. Receptors

a. First statement is TRUE; the second is FALSE

→Rationale:

• First statement: "Enzymes are biological catalysts." → ✅ TRUE. Enzymes speed up biochemical reactions without being consumed.

• Second statement: "They are considered structural proteins." → ❌ FALSE. Enzymes are regulatory proteins, not structural.

Enzymes are biological catalysts. They are considered

structural proteins.

a. First statement is TRUE; the second is FALSE

b. First statement is FALSE; the second is TRUE

c. Both statements are TRUE

d. Both statements are FALSE

a. I, II, III, IV

Types of receptors include:

I. Ionotropic

II. Metabotropic

III. Kinase-linked

IV. Gene-transcription

a. I, II, III, IV

b. I, II, III

c. I, III, IV

d. II, III, IV

d. II, IV

Ionotropic receptors are:

I. Type II

II. Ligand-gated ion channels

III. Minute-onset receptors

IV. Nicotinic receptors

a. I, II, III, IV

b. II, III, IV

c. II, III

d. II, IV

a. Type I

GABAA receptors are:

a. Type I

b. Type II

c. Type III

d. Type IV

b. Metabotropic receptors

Which of the following receptors are also known as G protein-coupled receptors?

a. Ionotropic receptors

b. Metabotropic receptors

c. Kinase-linked receptors

d. Nuclear receptors

c. Phospholipase C

→Rationale: Phospholipase C (PLC) is an enzyme that GENERATES second messengers, not a second messenger itself

Which of the following is not a considered as well-established second messengers?

a. cAMP

b. cGMP

c. Phospholipase C

d. Calcium

a. Relaxation of vascular smooth muscle

Which of the following is least covered by the actions of cAMP?

a. Relaxation of vascular smooth muscle

b. Breakdown of carbohydrates in the liver

c. Calcium homeostasis

d. Water conservation in the kidneys

d. Gi

What G protein is coupled with M2 receptors?

a. Gs

b. Gq

c. Gm

d. Gi

b. Gq

Which of the following G proteins is activated when there is increase in release of intracellular calcium ions?

a. Gs

b. Gq

c. Gm

d. Gi

c. Type III

A type of receptor that has an onset of action for minutes is:

a. Type I

b. Type II

c. Type III

d. Type IV

c. Kinase-linked receptors

Insulin receptors are:

a. Ionotropic receptors

b. Metabotropic receptors

c. Kinase-linked receptors

d. Nuclear receptors

d. Type IV

All of the following types of receptors are located in the cell membrane, except:

a. Type I

b. Type II

c. Type III

d. Type IV

c. I, II, IV

Non-target-protein mediated action of drugs include:

I. Colligative Mechanism

II. Chemical Antagonism

III. Physiologic Antagonism

IV. Counterfeit Mechanism

a. I, II, III, IV

b. I, III, IV

c. I, II, IV

d. II, III, IV

B. Chemical antagonism

The action of Desferal® (Deferoxamine) in the treatment of iron poisoning is through:

A. Colligative mechanism

B. Chemical antagonism

C. Physiologic antagonism

D. Counterfeit mechanism

b. Affinity with intrinsic activity

Which of the following describes an agonist?

a. Affinity without intrinsic activity

b. Affinity with intrinsic activity

c. Avidity

d. Intrinsic activity only

a. Full agonist

An agonist that is expected to produce all of its expected effects is said to be a/an:

a. Full agonist

b. Partial agonist

c. Inverse agonist

d. Antagonist

c. Antagonistic

When a partial agonist is combined with a full agonist, the action of the partial agonist will be:

a. Additive

b. Synergistic

c. Antagonistic

d. No effect

a. Reversible

A type of antagonism in which the bonding existing between the receptor and the ligand is non-covalent:

a. Reversible

b. Irreversible

c. Physiologic

d. Pharmacologic

a.I and II — Hyperbolic and Sigmoidal

The graph/s of the relationship between the effect and the drug concentration is/are:

I. Hyperbolic

II. Sigmoidal

III. Linear

IV. Inverse

a. I, II

b. II, III

c. III, IV

d. II, IV

c. Therapeutic Index

Which of the following is not a parameter for graded dose-response relationship?

a. Slope

b. Efficacy

c. Therapeutic Index

d. Ceiling dose

a. Maximum achievable response

Which of the following refers to efficacy?

a. Maximum achievable response

b. Lowest dose producing maximum effect

c. Margin of safety

d. Degree of changes in dose with changes in response

a. I, II, III, IV

Parameters of quantal dose-response relationship:

I. ED50

II. TD50

III. Margin of Safety

IV. Therapeutic index

a. I, II, III, IV

b. I, III, IV

c. I, II, IV

d. II, III, IV