CCMA Training Notes: Reproductive System Review
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68 Terms
What is the function of the Scrotum in the male reproductive system?
It protects and supports the testicles.
What are Testicles (testes) and what do they produce?
They are two small, egg-shaped glands that produce sperm.
Where do sperm form within the testicles?
Sperm are formed within the seminiferous tubules.
What is the Epididymis?
It is the coiled tube at the upper part of each testicle where sperm mature.
What does the Spermatic Cord connect?
It connects each testicle to the body, extending upward from the epididymis.
What is the role of the Penis?
It transports sperm into the female vagina.
What is the Glans Penis?
It is the head of the penis located at its tip.
What is the function of the Foreskin or Prepuce?
It covers and protects the glans penis.
What is the Vas Deferens?
It is a long, narrow continuation of each epididymis that joins the urethra.
What do Seminal Vesicles secrete?
They secrete a thick, yellow substance that nourishes sperm cells.
What does the Ejaculatory Duct do?
It carries semen from the vas deferens through the prostate gland to the urethra.
What is the Prostate Gland responsible for?
It secretes a thick fluid that contributes to semen.
What are Bulbourethral Glands and what do they secrete?
They secrete pre-ejaculate to flush out residual urine in the urethra.
What is the Urethra's function in both males and females?
It serves as part of the urinary tract and passes urine and semen in males.
What is the Mons Pubis?
It is the fleshy prominence located over the pubic symphysis in females.
What 4 structures does the Vulva consist of?
labia
clitoris
Bartholin’s glands
vaginal orifice.
What is the role of Bartholin's Glands?
They produce mucus to lubricate the vagina.
What are Labia Majora and Labia Minora?
They are lip-type structures that protect the external genitalia.
What is the Vaginal Orifice?
It is the exterior opening of the vagina.
What are Breasts primarily composed of?
Fatty tissue and mammary glands suspended between the skin and pectoral muscles.
What do Mammary Glands produce?
They produce milk for nourishing newborn infants.
What are Ovaries and their function?
They are almond-shaped organs that produce and store eggs and hormones.
What is an Ova?
The medical term for egg or female gametes present at birth.
What are Fallopian Tubes?
2 tubes that extend from the uterus to near the ovaries.
What is the Infundibulum?
It is the funnel-shaped opening into the fallopian tube near the ovary.
What are Fimbriae?
Finger-like extensions of the infundibulum that help capture the ovum.
What is the Uterus's structure and 3 layers?
A pear-shaped organ
Perimetrium
Myometrium
Endometrium.
What is the Perimetrium?
The outer layer of the uterus.
What does the Myometrium do?
It is the muscular middle layer of the uterus that contracts during labor.
What is the Endometrium?
The inner lining of the uterus where implantation occurs.
What is the Vagina?
A muscular tube lined with mucosa, extending from the cervix to the outside of the body.
What is the Cervix?
The lower narrow portion of the uterus that extends into the vagina.
What is Ovulation?
The release of a mature egg from a follicle on the ovary.
What happens during Fertilization?
Sperm penetrates and fertilizes the ovum.
What is Conception?
The moment when sperm fertilizes the ovum, forming a zygote.
What is the Chorion?
The outer membrane that encloses the embryo.
What is the function of the Placenta?
It allows exchange of nutrients, oxygen, and waste between mother and fetus.
What is the Amniotic sac?
The membrane surrounding the embryo in the uterus.
What does Amniotic fluid do?
It protects the fetus inside the uterus.
What is Afterbirth?
The placenta and fetal membranes expelled after the baby is born.
What is the Umbilical Cord's purpose?
It carries blood, oxygen, and nutrients from the placenta to the fetus.
What is Gestation?
The period of development of the baby in the uterus.
What defines Pregnancy?
The condition of having a developing baby in the uterus.
What is a Due date?
The estimated date of confinement calculated from the last menstrual period.
What is Follicular phase in the female sexual cycle?
The phase that includes menstruation and growth of follicles.
What occurs during the Ovulation phase?
An egg is released from the Graafian follicle 14 days from menstruation.
What happens in the Luteal phase?
The corpus luteum forms and prepares for possible pregnancy.
What does Nulligravida mean?
A woman who has never been pregnant.
What is Nullipara?
A woman who has never borne a viable child.
What is Primigravida?
A woman during her first pregnancy.
What defines Multiparous?
A woman who has given birth two or more times.
What happens during the 1st stage of labor?
Gradual dilation and effacement of the cervix.
What is Effacement?
The process by which the cervix prepares for delivery.
What occurs in the 2nd stage of labor?
The mother begins to push to expel the child through the birth canal.
What happens in the 3rd stage of labor?
The placenta is expelled after childbirth.
What is Balanitis?
An inflammation of the glans penis usually due to poor hygiene.
What does Phimosis refer to?
Narrowing of the foreskin opening preventing retraction.
What is Erectile dysfunction (ED)?
The inability to achieve or maintain a penile erection.
What describes Peyronie’s disease?
A condition where the penis bends during erection.
What is Priapism?
A painful erection lasting 4 hours or more without sexual excitement.
What does Anovulation mean?
The absence of ovulation at the expected time.
What is Oophoritis?
Inflammation of an ovary, often associated with PID.
What is Pelvic Inflammatory Disease (PID)?
Inflammation of female reproductive organs not associated with pregnancy.
What is Polycystic Ovary Syndrome?
A hormonal imbalance causing cysts in the ovaries.
What indicates Pyosalpinx?
An accumulation of pus in one of the fallopian tubes.
What describes Endometriosis?
A painful condition where tissue similar to the uterus lining grows outside the uterus.
What is Endometrial Cancer?
Cancer that begins in the lining of the uterus.
What defines Uterine Fibroids?
Benign tumors in the wall of the uterus composed of muscle and fibrous tissue.