Chemistry
Call Kai
Learn
Practice Test
Spaced Repetition
Match
Flashcards
Knowt Play1/39
There's no tags or description
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced | Call with Kai |
|---|
No analytics yet
Send a link to your students to track their progress
40 Terms
What is matter?
Anything that has mass and occupies space.
What are the three common states of matter?
Solid, liquid, and gas.
What is the shape and volume of a solid?
Fixed shape and fixed volume.
What is the shape and volume of a liquid?
Takes the shape of its container but has a fixed volume.
What is the shape and volume of a gas?
No fixed shape or volume.
What does the kinetic theory of matter state?
All matter is made of tiny particles that are constantly moving.
How do particles move in solids?
They vibrate in fixed positions.
How do particles move in liquids?
They slide past each other.
How do particles move in gases?
They move rapidly and freely in all directions.
What happens to particles when temperature increases?
They gain kinetic energy and move faster.
What happens to particles when temperature decreases?
They lose kinetic energy and move slower.
What effect does pressure have on gases?
Increasing pressure compresses gas particles closer together.
What is an atom?
The smallest particle of an element that retains its properties.
What are the three main subatomic particles?
Protons, neutrons, and electrons.
Where are protons and neutrons found?
In the nucleus of the atom.
Where are electrons found?
In shells or energy levels around the nucleus.
What charge does a proton have?
Positive (+).
What charge does a neutron have?
Neutral (0).
What charge does an electron have?
Negative (-).
Why do atoms bond?
To achieve a stable outer electron shell.
What are valence electrons?
Electrons in the outermost shell of an atom.
Why are valence electrons important?
They determine how atoms bond.
What is the octet rule?
Atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons to get 8 valence electrons.
What is an ion?
A charged particle formed when an atom gains or loses electrons.
What happens when an atom loses electrons?
It becomes a positive ion (cation).
What happens when an atom gains electrons?
It becomes a negative ion (anion).
What is an ionic bond?
A bond formed by the transfer of electrons between atoms.
Which types of elements usually form ionic bonds?
Metals and non-metals.
What is a covalent bond?
A bond formed when atoms share electrons.
Which types of elements usually form covalent bonds?
Non-metals.
What is a metallic bond?
Attraction between positive metal ions and delocalized electrons.
What are delocalized electrons?
Electrons that move freely through a metal structure.
Why do metals conduct electricity?
Because they have free-moving delocalized electrons.
What is a dot and cross diagram?
A diagram showing electron arrangement in bonding.
What does a dot and cross diagram for ionic bonding show?
Transfer of electrons between atoms.
What does a dot and cross diagram for covalent bonding show?
Shared pairs of electrons.
What are the properties of ionic compounds?
High melting points, conduct electricity when molten or dissolved, brittle.
What are the properties of covalent compounds?
Usually low melting points and poor electrical conductors.
What are the properties of metals?
Good conductors, malleable, ductile, shiny.
Why are metals malleable?
Layers of metal ions can slide over each other without breaking bonds.