Midterm 2

Krishna

________ most widely worshiped form of Vishnu: Comes to Earth when it is being consumed by chaos (adharma)

A kara

Symbolizes strength and reminder that one is a servant to God.

Digambaras

________ "- clothed in sky "only men and they wear no clothes.

Pali Canon

The ________) is committed to writing (although the 3rd basket (Abidharma) takes a few more centuries to be completed.

Shvetambaras

________ "- clothed in white "only wear simple white clothes.

Guru Tegh Bahadur

________ (9): traveled and spread Sikhism and was imprisoned and killed for defending Hindus to a ruler that was Muslim.

Kirpan

________- a sword for defense, dignity, and the fight for justice.

Kesh

________: long hair and a beard for men, no cutting hair.

Guru Har Gobind

________: started the Sikh army and the practice of wearing of the sword.

Sarasvati

________: sacred river, nature goddess, later connected with wisdom and learning.

Bhagavad Gita

The Mahabharata: contains the ________ (the son fog God) The M is the worlds largest poem, 74K stanzas.

Sikh

________ means disciple
Very new religion- 1500s
Was originally a mix of Hinduism and Islam.

Bodhisattva

________**- No more karma, can enlighten others, can be reborn and then enlighten others and become a Buddha.

Kach

________- special underwear for modesty and preparation for battle.

Khanga

________- hair comb to hold hair in place.

tirthankaras

Helped others cross the ocean of samsara 24___________ in each ½ of a time cycle Tirthankaras- Jaina Saints Human teachers Dont teach anything new Not religious founders because the religion is eternal Not Gods either

Vishnu

________ Has 10 famous avataras that come to Earth when the world is in danger.

Trimurti

________- includes the 3 important deities of Vishnu, Shiva, Brahma.

Jaina

________- one who follows a Jina.

Rama

________: widely worshiped A prince and the hero in one of the Epics.

Dharma-hinduism

________: social and sacred duties and obligations, righteousness, universal law

Hanuman

________- the monkey god with great loyalty to Rama but is also worhsiped in his own right.

Reincarnation

________ is a path to God.

Brahmin

________ (mouth)- priest and intellectuals.

Goddesses

________- have great shakti literally means power

Pure Land

________ Buddhism- belief in purified Buddha field- where all beings are seen as on the way to enlightenment, popular in East Asia Shunya " (empty)- "Mahayana extends this idea beyond the self to all things Shunyata ("emptiness)- "important theoretical and philosophical concept in Mahayana philosophical traditions.

Jina

________ "- conqueror "a spiritual conqueror, on who has liberation.

The Ramayana:

tells the story of Rama- who is an avatara of Vishnu The Puranas**:** famous stories about Hindu gods and goddesses, includes important theological and religious insights and many texts.

Nirriti

________: goddess of death and destruction, perhaps a precursor to the Hindu goddess Kali.

Kishna

________- an important avatara of Vishnu.

Tortoise

The ________: Lots of earthquakes cause the earth to be unstable.

Guru Angad

________: was a devotee to the Hindu goddess Durga.

Ganesh the elephant

the elephant headed god.

Puja

Sacrificial rites Public and domestic Offerings are put into fire (therefore given to Agni) and offered to the Gods Repeated because lots of things, like chants, were repeated to give power /gain power from it Preserves cosmic order.

Boar

The ________: Rescues the world from more floods.

Buddha-Hindu def

founder of Buddhism but Hindus believe he is an avatara.

Modern Hinduism

Vishnu, Shiva, Goddess (Devi) Major goddess cults Images and icons of deities Temples and temple associated cults Vegetarians Cows are sacred Karma and reincarnation.

Vedas

________ were chanted not spoken because sound is power Originally only transmitted orally Full of hymns, verses, and later incantations Ended up being written out in Sanskrit.

Indra:

king and ruler of the Vedic deities, God of thunder and war- Most important

Rupa kaya

________ (form body) of Buddha- the human incarnation.

caste system

A(n) ________ is a system of social and religious status /rankings determined by birthright This was set up in the Rig Veda.

IMAGE

The worship of a Hindu god or deity At home or at an alter where a(n) ________ must be present THIS ________ IS NOT THE DEITY /GOD People say prayers and offer gifts (food, flowers, incense) Must be able to see the ________ so that you can worship the deity and the deity can see you No worship of brahma Brahma is the cosmic order not a deity Yes part of the trimutiri but you dont worship it.

Dharma kaya

________ (dharma body) of a Buddha- has all the qualities of the bodhi shared by all Buddhas.

middle of everything

Known as the middle path because it is in the ________ and nothing Ethical Conduct.

Rama

________- an important avatara of Vishnu.

Vishnu

________- the god who maintains the world, through himself or an avatars

Rama

________ (Vishnu) uses an axe to cleanse the world of the evil warriors.

Sanskrit

sacred Hindu language, the sound that created the universe and cosmic balance

Rg Veda

wisdom of the verses-created the castes

Sama Veda

wisdom of the songs

Yajur Veda

wisdom of the sacrificial formulas

Atharva Veda

wisdom of the Atharva priests

Usas

goddess of dawn

Sarasvati

sacred river, nature goddess, later connected with wisdom and learning

Nirriti

goddess of death and destruction, perhaps a precursor to the Hindu goddess Kali

Vac

goddess of speech

Artha-4 goals

profit or gain

Karma-4 goals

pleasure

Dharma-4 goals

social and sacred duties and obligations, righteousness

Moksha-4 goals

ultimate liberation, salvation

"the three forms"

Brahma-the creator not a huge God that is worshiped more stands for the cosmic universe as a whole Vishnu-the preserver, has many avataras Siva-the destroyer

The Tortoise

Lots of earthquakes cause the earth to be unstable

The Boar

Rescues the world from more floods

The Man-Lion

A demon existed that couldnt be killed by man or beast so Vishnu became both and killed it

The Dwarf

Asks for land, becomes a giant, kills a demon

Rama with the Axe

The kshatriyas (warriors) had become cruel and oppressive

Rama

widely worshiped A prince and the hero in one of the Epics

Krishna

most widely worshiped form of Vishnu Comes to Earth when it is being consumed by chaos (adharma)

The Mahabharata

contains the Bhagavad Gita(the son fog God) The M is the worlds largest poem, 74K stanzas

The nurse

Monastics (sangha) those ordained into the monastic order, provide spiritual guidance to the laity(non-monastics) and care for the poor and sick, monks and nuns(only sometimes)

5 Aggregates

matter/form-5 senses
Perception- 6 senses
Sensation
Mental formation-karma
Consciousness

Texts in Sanskrit, Chinese, Tibetan

Languages of Mahayana

Pure Land Buddhism

belief in purified Buddha field-where all beings are seen as on the way to enlightenment, popular in East Asia

Rupa-kaya

(form body)of Buddha the human incarnation

Dharma-kaya

dharma body) of a has all the qualities of the bodhi shared by all Buddhas

the "Great Schism"

Held at Pataliputra this finalized the split between the Sthivira (elders) and the Mahasamghika (the great assembly)

Tirthankaras

Jaina Saints Human teachers
Dont teach anything new
Not religious founders because the religion is eternal
Not Gods either

Sikh means

disciple Very new religion1500s
Was originally a mix of Hinduism and Islam

Guru Nanak

founded Sikhism

Guru Angad

was a devotee to the Hindu goddess Durga

Guru Amar Das

older (70) Guru was homeless prior

Guru Ram Das

Amar Das son in law

Guru Arjan

Compiled the Adi Granth and started the building of the Golden Temple in Amritsar

Guru Har Gobind

started the Sikh army and the practice of wearing of the sword

Guru Har Rai

Har Gobinds son

Guru Tegh Bahadur (9)

traveled and spread Sikhism and was imprisoned and killed for defending Hindus to a ruler that was Muslim

Guru Gobind Singh(10)

last human Guru

Kesh

long hair and a beard for men, no cutting hair

Khanga

hair comb to hold hair in place

Kach

special underwear for modesty and preparation for battle

Kara

steel bracelet

Kirpan

a sword for defense, dignity, and the fight for justice

Hinduism Karma

Is all actions good and bad, intention and unintentional
All traces good and bad must be cleansed to have ultimate salvation. Yaja is tied to good karma

Buddism Karma

Good and bad actions accrue karma
Only intentional action in Buddhism accrue karma
Influences reincarnation

Jainism karma

Has physical qualities
Sticks to you like dust
Similar attachment qualities to Buddhism

Which karma is only intentional actions

Buddhism, Sikhism, and Jainism

Sikhism Karma

Similar to Hinduism karma but only intentional. Things like langar and fighting for your religion and others gives you good karma

What is the name of Hinduism Rebirth Cycle

Samsara

Hinduism Reincarnation Cycle

Called Samsara
The ongoing cyle of rebirth
Seen as suffering
One’s karma determines what caste they get reborn into if they get reborn at all

What gets reborn in Hinduism

Atman-one's self/soul