L1 & L2

What is happiness in psychology?

A mental or emotional state of well-being defined by positive or pleasant emotions ranging from contentment to intense joy.

How do behaviorists define happiness?

As a cocktail of emotions experienced when doing something good or positive.

What is the neurological perspective on happiness?

The experience of a flood of hormones released in the brain as a reward for behavior that prolongs survival.

What is the hedonistic view of well-being?

Happiness is the opposite of suffering; its presence indicates the absence of pain, and the purpose of life is to maximize happiness and minimize misery.

What does the term 'Eudaimonia' mean?

Literally 'good spirited,' it describes the pinnacle of happiness attainable by humans, coined by Aristotle.

How does Eudaimonia define happiness?

As the pursuit of becoming a better person through intellectual challenges and spiritually enriching activities.

What components contribute to human flourishing according to Aristotle's Nicomachean Ethics?

Phronesis (Intelligence), Friendship, Wealth, and Power.

How have elements of human flourishing changed over time?

People have found means to live more comfortably, explore more places, develop more products, and make more money.

What technological advancements have aided human flourishing?

Early machines for hunting and gathering led to sophisticated machines for space exploration and medical innovations.

What is expected of the 'Man of the World' in modern society?

To work alongside institutions and the government to achieve common goals in a global neighborhood.

What has replaced competition as a means of survival?

Coordination has become the new trend.

What is human flourishing?

An effort to achieve self-actualization and fulfillment within a community, allowing individuals to pursue their own goals.

What does human flourishing involve?

The rational use of one's individual potentialities, including talents, abilities, and virtues in pursuit of chosen values and goals.

What roles do humans play in relation to science and technology?

Humans are both the bearers and beneficiaries of science and technology.

How do humans find meaning in the world?

By building and shaping their environment.

What is reflective thinking?

A process of actively considering beliefs, knowledge, and experiences to gain insights and improve decision-making.

What is meditative thinking?

A deeper, contemplative approach to understanding the meaning and essence of things.

Why must science and technology be examined?

To understand their greater impact on humanity as a whole.

What is the significance of technology as a mode of revealing?

It highlights how technology can uncover truths and insights about the world.

What is the relationship between human flourishing and technology according to the notes?

Human flourishing is deeply intertwined with goal setting relevant to science and technology.

How does Heidegger define technology?

Heidegger defines technology as 'a way of revealing' rather than merely a means to an end or a human activity.

What does Heidegger mean by the term 'alètheuein'?

'Alètheuein' means 'to discover' or 'to uncover what was covered over.'

According to Heidegger, what is the essence of technology?

The essence of technology is not anything technological; it is a way of revealing.

What is the significance of the Greek word 'alètheia' in Heidegger's philosophy?

'Alètheia' is usually translated as 'truth,' but Heidegger suggests a more adequate translation would be 'un-concealment.'

How does Heidegger view reality?

Reality is not absolute and is relative; it exists only in relations and is inaccessible for human beings.

What does Heidegger mean by 'revealing' in the context of technology?

Revealing characterizes how we perceive and interact with reality, bringing it from concealment into unconcealment.

How does technology embody a specific way of revealing the world?

Technology reveals the world as raw material available for production and manipulation.

What is the difference between ancient Greek and modern views of technology according to Heidegger?

Ancient Greeks viewed 'making' as 'helping something to come into being,' while modern technology is seen as 'forcing into being.'

Why does Heidegger argue that technology is not merely a human activity?

He argues that the technological way of revealing was not chosen by humans; it reflects a framework of understanding that has developed over time.

What does Heidegger suggest as a way to avoid being enslaved by technology?

He suggests the 'will not to will' as a way to rely on technologies without becoming enslaved to them.

What is the role of technology in the 'age of technology'?

In the age of technology, reality can only be present as raw material, or 'standing reserve.'

What does Heidegger mean by 'standing reserve'?

'Standing reserve' refers to the view of reality as raw material available for manipulation and control.

How does Heidegger describe the modern technological mindset?

He describes it as one where humans approach the world in a controlling and dominating way.

What is the implication of Heidegger's statement that every attempt to climb out of technology throws us back in?

It implies that escaping the technological mindset is difficult, and we must find a way to engage with technology wisely.

What is the ultimate message regarding technology as expressed in the notes?

Technology should be a powerful ally when used wisely, serving as a bridge that connects and empowers without losing sight of what truly matters.

What does Heidegger believe about the nature of truth?

He believes that truth is related to the process of revealing and is not an absolute that can be fully known.

What does Heidegger criticize about the instrumental and anthropological definitions of technology?

He criticizes them for being correct but not deep enough; they do not capture the true essence of technology.

How does technology affect our understanding of 'being'?

In our time, 'being' is characterized by a technological framework that influences how we perceive the world.

What is the relationship between technology and the concept of power?

Technology embodies a way of revealing in which humans take power over reality.

What does Heidegger suggest about the nature of human understanding in relation to technology?

He suggests that our understanding of the world and being develops through the ages, influenced by technology.

What is the significance of goal setting in relation to science and technology?

Goal setting is essential for human flourishing and is closely linked to advancements in science and technology.

What does Heidegger imply about the relationship between technology and nature?

He implies that modern technology tends to view nature as a resource to be exploited rather than something to be respected.

What does Heidegger mean by the phrase 'the will not to will'?

It refers to the idea of relinquishing control and allowing for a more thoughtful engagement with technology.

How does Heidegger's view challenge traditional perceptions of technology?

His view challenges the notion that technology is merely a tool for human use, emphasizing its deeper implications for understanding reality.