Quizbowl Physics Phenomena/Effects I

Light bends in new medium

Refraction

Snell’s Law

Refraction

Kerr Effect (in relation to black holes)

Refraction

Focal lengths of lenses

Refraction

Identity matrix in transfer matrix method

Refraction

Scaled difference between load and impedance

Refraction

Fraction of particles that do not tunnel thru barrier

Refraction

Light bounces

Reflection

Cannot happen to lenses

Reflection

= angle of incidence

Reflection

Telescopes w/ this are cheaper

Reflection

Wavefronts bend around obstacles

Diffraction

Bragg’s Law

Diffraction

Fraunhofer type

Diffraction

Rayleigh-Sommerfield theory

Diffraction

Huygens–Fresnel principle

Diffraction

“Knife-edge” type

Diffraction

Kirchoff's scalar theory of

Diffraction

Kossel and Kikuchi lines

Diffraction

Green’s identities

Diffraction

Cornu spiral

Diffraction

Babinet’s principle (more vague answer)

Diffraction

Rayleigh criterion

Diffraction

Angular resolution limited by

Diffraction

Airy disks (more vague)

Diffraction

Davisson-Germer experiment

Diffraction

Blaze angle

Diffraction

N * lambda = 2dsin(x)

Diffraction

“Near-field” and “far-field” regimes

Diffraction

Zone plates

Diffraction

Fresnel and Fraunhofer types

Diffraction

Used to study crystal structures

Diffraction

Bernal chart

Diffraction

Namesake “grating”

Diffraction

Littrow configuration

Diffraction

Young’s double-slit experiment

Diffraction

Arago spots

Diffraction

Used in x-ray crystallography

Diffraction

Occurs if Laue equations satisfied

Diffraction

Behaves identically for object and hole

Diffraction

1.22 * lambda / D

Diffraction

“Shadow zones”

Diffraction

namesake “Patterns”

Diffraction

Images downstream of where light bends thru hole

Diffraction Patterns

Interference causes light/dark bands in

Diffraction Patterns

Minimum intensity bands

Diffraction Patterns

Airy disks

Diffraction Patterns

Fourier transform of aperture

Diffraction Patterns

Babinet’s principle

Diffraction Patterns

Intensity given by square of sinc function

Diffraction Patterns

Subject of "reinterpretation principle" by Gerald Feinberg

Superluminality

“Apparent” version in Alcubierre drives

Superluminality

Scharnhorst effect

Superluminality

Worldline at less than 45 degrees to space axis in Minkowski diagram

Superluminality

Michelson-Morley experiment

Interference

Englert–Greenberger equation

Interference

“Which way” marker destroys

Interference

Breaking sound barrier

Supersonic

“Demon in the thin air”

Supersonic

Rearward shift in center of pressure and a tuck

Supersonic

“Compressibility” difficulties

Supersonic

Property of wave that describes direction of oscillation

Polarization

Refracted ray produced by light w/ __

Polarization

LCD monitors modify ___ to darken each pixel

Polarization

Malus’s Law

Polarization

2 pairs of Fresnel coefficients

Polarization

TE/TM type in alatomy w/ B and electric field

Polarization

Generated by moving point charge in Lienard-Wiechert potential

Light

Poynting vector is energy flux of

Light

Electric and magnetic fields perpendicular to

Light

Caused Ordovician-Silurian extinction

Gamma Ray Bursts

BATSE experiment

Gamma Ray Bursts

“Short” type is merger of binary neutron stars in kilonova

Gamma Ray Bursts

“Long” type caused by collapse of Wolf-Rayet stars

Gamma Ray Bursts

First detected by Vela satellites

Gamma Ray Bursts

“Third spatial derivative” term

Dispersion

“Amplitude” and “frequency” types

Dispersion

Namesake relations

Dispersion

Causes prisms to create rainbows

Dispersion

Use of BBM equation instead of Korteweg-De Vries equation

Dispersion

Probability quantified using namesake cross section

Scattering

Critical opalescence

Scattering

Fluctuations of __ due to Brownian motion

Scattering

4Pi/k is imaginary part

Scattering

“Deep inelastic” type

Scattering

Dimensionless parameter, alpha = piD/lambda

Scattering

“Make-before-___”

Break

Maximum power point of solar cell depends on voltage of

Break

Power stations quench arcs of ___ w/ sulfur hexafluoride

Break

RCDs perform in response to leakage

Break

I^2t component

Break

Contrasted with laminar flow

Turbulent Flow

high Reynolds numbers

Turbulent Flow

Boussinesq hypothesis

Turbulent Flow

Energy cascade from Richardson

Turbulent Flow

Three-Body Problem

Chaos

Positive Lyapunov exponent

Chaos

Illustrated by Lorenz Attractor

Chaos

Redefined to require topological transitivity

Chaos

“Laces” set named for Gaston Julia

Chaos