6.1 - Rationales for Imperialism from 1750 to 1900

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Last updated 10:44 PM on 4/29/26
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8 Terms

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Imperialism

A policy of extending a state's control over foreign peoples and territories

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Scientific racism

Pseudoscientific claims that racial differences proved European biological superiority

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Phrenology

A discredited theory that skull shape revealed intelligence and racial hierarchy

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Social Darwinism

The false application of natural selection to human societies and races

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Nationalism

Strong loyalty to one's nation and belief in its superiority and destiny

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Civilizing Mission

The belief that imperial powers had a duty to Westernize and “uplift” colonized peoples

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Missionary activity

Christian efforts to convert colonized peoples through preaching, schools, hospitals, and Bible translation

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White Man’s Burden

The idea, popularized by Rudyard Kipling, that Westerners had a duty to civilize others