CFII - Myopia Control

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Last updated 8:20 PM on 5/19/26
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38 Terms

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What is myopia?
A condition where light focuses in front of the retina.
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What are the causes of myopia?
The eye is too long (axial) or the eye is too strong (refractive).
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What is another term for myopia?
Nearsighted.
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How is myopia defined in terms of refraction?
Greater than −0.50 D.
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What is low myopia?
Greater than −0.50 D and less than −6.00 D.
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What is high myopia?
Greater than −6.00 D.
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What is pre-myopia?
Between +0.75 D and −0.50 D.
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What percentage of the world’s population was myopic in 2010?
28%.
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What percentage of the world’s population is projected to be myopic by 2050?
50%.
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Which region has the highest burden of myopia?
East Asia.
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What percentage of people in East Asia may become myopic?
Up to 90%.
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What risks are associated with high myopia?
Glaucoma, retinal detachment, maculopathy, and cataracts.
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What environmental factor helps prevent myopia onset?
Outdoor time.
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How much outdoor time is suggested to reduce myopia onset?
2 hours per day.
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What are the two hypotheses for why outdoor time prevents myopia?
Increased light intensity and decreased near focus.
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What lifestyle modification involves indoor lighting?
Bringing natural lighting indoors.
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What behavioral change can help reduce myopia progression?
Decreasing near work.
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What rule is recommended for reducing near work strain?
The 20-20-20 rule.
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What is low-dose atropine used for in myopia control?
To slow myopia progression.
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Which studies support the use of low-dose atropine?
ATOM and LAMP studies.
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What are the side effects of atropine?
Pupil dilation and decreased accommodation.
22
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What concentrations of atropine are used?
0.01%, 0.025%, 0.05%.
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How is atropine typically administered for myopia control?
One drop each night at bedtime.
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Where is atropine typically obtained?
Compounding pharmacy.
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What is orthokeratology (Ortho-K)?
A treatment where gas-permeable lenses are worn at night to reshape the cornea.
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What are risks of orthokeratology?
Infection and corneal scarring if improperly fit.
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What is the purpose of soft contact lenses in myopia control?
To slow axial elongation using myopic defocus.
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What are examples of soft contact lenses for myopia control?
NaturalVue, Biofinity multifocal lenses, and MiSight lenses.
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Which soft contact lenses for myopia control are FDA approved?
MiSight lenses.
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What mechanism do myopia control soft lenses use?
Myopic defocus.
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What are Stellest lenses?
Spectacle lenses with lenslets that induce peripheral defocus.
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When were Stellest lenses FDA approved?
2025.
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What is the recommended wearing schedule for Stellest lenses?
12 hours per day.
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What was the reduction in spherical equivalent with Stellest lenses at 24 months?
71%.
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What was the reduction in eye elongation with Stellest lenses at 24 months?
53%.
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What type of study evaluated Stellest lenses?
A 2-year randomized clinical trial comparing conventional lenses to Stellest.
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What was the first myopia control spectacle lens approved in the US?
Stellest lenses.
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What are other treatment options for myopia control?
Bifocal glasses, single vision glasses, and repeated low-level red-light therapy.