Lecture #5 Key Points

Sept. 1931

Japan takes over Manchuria in Northern China

Mukden

September 18, 1931

Marco Polo Bridge

July 7, 1937

“Rape of Nanjing”

1937

Mao Zedong’s(毛泽东)

Communists

Chiang Kai-shek’s(蔣介石)

Nationalists

October 1949

Communists win the civil war in China

US concerned with Japanese Expansion

Stops selling iron, coal, and copper to Japan in 1940, and oil in 1941 (A ban on trade or commerce – embargo)

Lend-lease

US act in 141 allowing US to support Chiang Kai-shek’s with weapons, change in neutrality

US declares war on Japan

Dec. 8, 1941

Mukden Incident

September 18, 1931

Manchukuo

(Manchukuo, 滿洲國, 1932.3.1-1945.8.18) - Japanese puppet state in manchuria

Emperor Puyi

Last emperor of qing forced to abdicate as a child

Marco Polo Bridge Incident (Lugou Bridge incident)

July 7, 1937 - japanese troops claim soldier is missing and start skirmish with chinese soldiers leads to battle

2nd Sino-Japanese War

1937-45

Germany defeats France

June 140

US Draft

1940

Japan attacks Pearl Harbor

Dec. 7, 1941

Hiroshima Bombing

6 August 1945

Nagasaki

9 August 1945

Japan surrenders

August 15, 1945

SCAP

Supreme Commander for Allied Powers - General MacArthur

USSR declare war on Japan

August 9, 1945

General Order No. 1

Establishes 38th parallel as American occupation zone - August 10th

Moscow Conference

(December 1945) the Allies agreed that the Soviet Union, the US, the ROC, and Britain would form a trusteeship over Korea – up to 5 years before independence

A Soviet-US Joint Commission

met in 1946 and 1947 to work out a unified government - failed

US turn Korean issue to the United Nations

September 1947 (USSR oppose)

UN pass a resolution in November 1947

1) free elections; 2) withdrawal of foreign troops; 3) create United Nations Temporary Commission on Korea (UNTCOK)

Establishment of the Republic of Korea (대한민국)

on August 15, 1948

First President

Syngman Rhee 1st president

Democratic People's Republic of Korea (조선민주주의인민공화국)

established on September 9th 1948

December 12, 1948, UNGA

accept the report of UNTCOK and declare the ROK the “only lawful government in Korea”

‘Acheson Line’

a 1950 U.S. defense perimeter in the Pacific, defined by Secretary of State Dean Acheson, stretching from the Aleutian Islands through Japan and Okinawa to the Philippines. By omitting South Korea and Taiwan, it was controversially interpreted as inviting the 1950 North Korean invasion, signaling limited U.S. commitment

North Korea invade South Korea

June 25, 1950

“Dulles Draft” of SFPT

March 151

Dulles draft Article 4(a)

titles to Japanese properties and vice versa to be negotiated

Dulles Draft Article 2(a)

1) outer line of Korean territory (emergence of Tokdo/Takeshimaissue); 2) date of independence

SFPT dates

SFPT (Sept. 8, 1951, effective on April 28, 1952)

Korea not a signatory to SFPT

Korea not deserve a seat at the conference because Korea was not in the state of belligerency against Japan during WWII, a requirement to be a signatory

Clark Line

Peace Line

SFPT 27 articles

– 5 deal with relevance to Korea-Japan relations

Article 2(a)

1) Independence date not specific; 2) Tokdo excluded from Japan’s

recognition of Korean islands - Quelpart (Chejudo), Port Hamilton (Kŏmundo), and

Dagelet (Ullŭngdo)

Article 4(b)

Japan recognize validity of disposition of properties in Korea – Ordinance

No. 33 (Dec. 6, 1945) + US-ROK Agreement on Initial Financial and Property Settlement

(Sept. 11, 1948) + finally SFPT

Article 9

fishery negotiations

Article 12(a)

commercial negotiations

Article 21

entitled ROK to enter into a bilateral agreement with Japan per Articles 2, 4, 9 and 12. (necessary because ROK was not an allied power privy to the Treaty stipulations)