Pe - Sports Physcology

What is input

information from the display (senses), selective attention

What is decision making

selection of appropriate response from memory. The role of long term and short term memory

What is output

information sent to muscles to carry out the response

What is feedback

received via self (intrinsic) and/or others (extrinsic)

Order of the basic information processing model

input →decision making →output →feedback

Definition of arousal

arousal is a physical and mental state of alertness/excitement varying from deep sleep to intense excitement

What happens when arousal is too much or too little

performance level is lower

What physical affects can increased arousal have

* may cause a rise in heart rate


* may cause a performer to sweat more

What sports require a low optimal level of arousal

Fine/precise skills such as:

* Archery
* Snooker
* Darts

What sports require a high optimal level of arousal

Gross/large muscle movements:

* Rugby Tackle
* Sprinting
* Weightlifting

What is deep breathing

* a somatic (physical) technique.
* involves exaggerating breaths in and out.
* Keep top half of the body relaxed.
* Used to calm nerves and focus the mind on the task at hand

What is mental rehearsal/visualisation/imagery

* a cognitive (mental) technique.
* involves the performer picturing themselves executing the skill perfectly.
* can be used before and during performance to control arousal

What is positive self talk

* a cognitive (mental) technique.
* performer talks to themselves in their head.
* usually positive and reassures the performer they are doing well or are well prepared and can relax

What is mental preparation

* athletes need to use their minds as well as their bodies
* mental techniques help to control emotions, manage stress and improve participation and performance