Worldview Ch:17 Sociology
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75 Terms
What is sociology?
The study of human societies, relationships, and institutions.
Sociology developed after what major event?
The Industrial Revolution.
Who are the three main founders of sociology?
Karl Marx, Max Weber, Emile Durkheim.
Who first called himself a sociologist?
Auguste Comte.
What assumptions is sociology based on?
Materialism (only matter exists) and naturalism (everything has natural causes).
What worldviews share the assumptions that only Materialism (only matter exists) and naturalism (everything has natural causes) exist.
Secularism and Marxism.
What is Biological Determinism?
Behavior is determined by genetics/biology.
What is Sociological Determinism?
Behavior is determined by social forces.
What is Deviance?
Behavior that breaks social norms.
What is Personal Autonomy (SECULARISM)?
Individuals define truth and happiness for themselves.
What is Collective Consciousness (NEW SPIRITUALITY)?
Shared awareness that unites society spiritually.
What is Social Constructionism (POSTMODERNISM)?
Reality is created through language and culture.
What is Proletariat Society (MARXISM)?
Working class controls production.
What is Patriarchal Society (ISLAMIC SOCIOLOGY)?
Society led by male authority.
What is Ummah (ISLAMIC SOCIOLOGY)?
Global Muslim community.
What is Pan-Islam?
A unified global Islamic state.
What is Sphere Sovereignty (CHRISTIANITY)?
Society is divided into God-ordained spheres: family, church, state.
What is Subsidiarity (CHRISTIANITY)?
Decisions should be made at the lowest/local level possible.
What is the starting point of secularism?
Personal autonomy.
What does secularism believe about society?
Society shapes individuals (social determinism).
What is the solution to social problems in secularism?
Government and political systems.
What does secularism say about religion?
Religion should be private.
What causes human problems in secularism?
Society itself.
What institution is most important in secularism?
Government.
What worldview is Karl Marx associated with?
Marxism.
What is Marxism based on?
Materialism and class struggle.
What is the main conflict in Marxism?
Bourgeoisie vs proletariat.
What is the goal of Marxism?
Worldwide communism.
Why does Marxism oppose religion?
It prevents awareness of class oppression
Why does Marxism oppose the family?
It prevents revolutionary consciousness.
Who raises children in Marxism?
The state/government.
What does postmodernism believe about truth?
There is no absolute truth.
What is the core idea of postmodernism?
Reality is socially constructed.
What is social constructionism?
Meaning is created by society and language.
What does postmodernism say about deviance?
There is no such thing as deviance.
Why does postmodernism reject religion?
It rejects all universal truth systems.
What is the starting point of New Spirituality?
Collective consciousness.
What is the problem in New Spirituality?
Ignorance/lack of awareness.
What is the solution to the main problem of New Spirituality?
Education and spiritual awakening.
What do New Spiritualists think about institutions?
They are outdated and restrictive.
What is the Islamic view of society?
The Ummah (global Muslim community).
What type of society is Islam associated with?
Patriarchal society.
What is the relationship between religion and government in Islam?
they are unified.
What is Pan-Islam?
A global Islamic state.
What holds society together in Christianity?
the family.
What is the root problem of society?
sin.
What is the solution to society’s problems?
God’s design and redemption.
What are the three spheres?
Family, church, state.
What is Sphere Sovereignty?
Each sphere has its own God-given authority.
What is Subsidiarity?
Decisions are made at the lowest level possible and not by anyone high up.
What did the Fall do?
it caused broken relationship and sin.
T/F: Secularism believes religion should be private.
T
T/F: Secularism believes truth comes from God.
F
T/F: Marxism believes class struggle drives society.
T
T/F: Marxism supports traditional family structures.
F
T/F: Marxism believes government should raise children.
T
T/F: Postmodernism believes in absolute truth.
F
T/F: Postmodernism says deviance does exist; they argue it is not an objective reality, but a fluid, socially constructed concept.
F
T/F: Postmodernism believes reality is socially constructed.
T
T/F: Postmodernism supports metanarratives.
F
T/F: New Spirituality is based on collective consciousness.
T
T/F: New Spirituality believes institutions are always helpful.
F
T/F: New Spirituality says ignorance is the main problem.
T
T/F: Islam separates religion and government.
F
T/F: Islam emphasizes a global Muslim community
T
T/F: Pan-Islam refers to separate independent nations only.
F
T/F: Islamic sociology is described as patriarchal.
T
T/F: Christianity sees sin as the root of societal problems.
T
T/F: Christianity says the government is the most important institution.
F
T/F: Sphere sovereignty means all institutions are the same.
F
T/F: Subsidiarity means decisions should be made locally when possible.
T
T/F: Sociology began after the Industrial Revolution.
T
T/F: Auguste Comte called himself a sociologist first.
T
T/F: Sociology is based on supernatural explanations.
F
T/F: Deviance means breaking social norms.
T