equine internal skin | Quizlet

what are urticaria

raised circular cutaneous wheals on the skin

causes of urticaria

insect bites

plants

drug reaction

allergy

diet

transfusion reaction

signs of urticaria

realised circular lumps that range from 0.5-5cm

could have slight fever and diarrhoea

only itchy with stings from plants

urticaria could be pale in unpigmented skin

looks like colic symptoms when scratching but lumps on skin

what to watch for when be around with animal with urticaria

animal could suddenly jump or kick or take off and gallop due to the sensation of the lumps on their skin

treatment of urticaria

corticosteroids

anti-histamines

epi: with allergy

cooling agent

cause of summer recurrent dermatitis

hypersensitivity reaction to allergens in the saliva of culicoides

symptoms of summer recurrent dermatitis

fly bites and causes an itchy where the fly bites was

can cause self trauma of broken hairs and bleeding skin when they over scratch

places where the culicoid fly targets on the horse

most common: mane, tails and dorsal midline

less common: head, ears and ventral midline

treatment of summer recurrent dermatitis

repellents and insecticides

anti-histamines: hydroxylazine

anti-inflams: predniolsone

cause of louse infection

werneckiella spp: biting

heamatopenius spp: sucking

signs of louse infection

pruritis

alopecia

skin excoriations

anaemia

drop in condition

pathology of louse infection

finding moving lice with microscopy

treatment of louse infection

ivermectin orally

treat equipment with: pyrethrin, permethrin, crymethrin

causes of mange infection

sarcoptes scabei: head, neck and body

psorcoptes equi: head, mane and tail

chorioptes bovis: distal parts of the limbs

signs of mange infection

prutritis

alopecia

biting and icing of parts of the skin

crusting

pathology for mange

deep skin scrape

typical sign for chorioptes bovis

greasy heel develops

treatment of mange infection

ivermectin orally

topical fipronil

flumethrin

causes of free living mite infection

neotrobicula: autumn and summer

ascus in the summer pasture

signs of free living mite infection

prutiritis

alopecia on the legs

stamping of legs

where does the mite affect on the body

affects the head

ventral abdomen

distal parts of the legs

pathology of the free living mite infection

skin scraping

treatment of free living mite infection

insecticide: crymethrin, pyrethrin, fibpronil

cause of helminths or oxyuris infection

oxyuris equi

signs of oxyuris infection

rubbing the tail off surfaces

causes alopecia at the base of the tail

pathology of oxyuris infection

tape test

adults lay the eggs on the surface of the perineum stuck on with glue

treatment of oxyuris infection

ivermectin orally

causes of dermatophytosis

trichophyton

microsporum

signs of dermatophytosis

prutritis

crust

standing up hairs

erythema on unpigmented skin

pathology of dermatophytosis

culture of the hair and crust

wood lamps test

what is a positive result of the wood lamps test

microsporum gives a positive free yellow fluorescent colour

treatment of dermatophytosis

systemic: griseofulvin

topical: enconzal, myconazal and nystatin

clean environment and equipment

causes of dermatophilosis

dermatophilus app bacteria

2 forms of dermatophilosis signs

rain scaled on the dorsal trunk

mud fever or rain rot on the distal part of the limbs

signs of dermatophilosis

painted struck type lesion with thick concave crust with puss surrounding

pathology of dermatophilosis

culture

treatment of dermatophilosis

bring horse into clean dry environment

wash with keratinolytic shampoo

remove crusts

wash with chlorhexidine

give systemic antibiotics

keep in clean dry environment with good bedding

what is gressy heel syndrome

inflammation of the distal part of the limb at the pastern joint at player and planter

signs of gressy heel syndrome

hairless

erythema

exudate

ulcerations

erosions

thickening of skin

fissures

Scaulding

crusting

pathology of gressy heel syndrome

microbiology and parasitology

treatment of gressy heel syndrome

bring into dry clean environment

shave and wash

remove the crusts

apply anti-parasitic, fungal and bacterial

causes of folliculitis

secondary to bacterial infection of staph and strep

bacteria causing folliculitis

staph: hyicus intermedius, aureus

strep: zooepidemicus and equi

signs of folliculitis

papule -> pustule-> exudation and crust

painful and pruitritic edema with access =cellulitis

pathology of folliculitis

deep smear

biopsy

culture

treatment of folliculitis

wash with i2 and chlorohexidine

treat with systemic ab sulphonamides and trimethoprim