Biology Exam Prep Flashcards

A set of comprehensive flashcards covering key biology concepts, terms, and definitions to aid in exam preparation.

Phloem

The vascular tissue responsible for the transport of sugars in vascular plants.

Antiparallel double helix

The structure of DNA as determined by Watson and Crick.

10%

The amount of energy contained in tertiary consumers if producers have 10,000 Kj.

Nuclear membrane

A key difference between bacteria and protists.

Eukaryotes

Cells that possess membrane-bound organelles.

Ribosome

Cellular organelle where protein synthesis occurs.

Community

Different species living together in a specific area.

Recessive allele

Its phenotype is not expressed in a heterozygous genotype.

Enzymes

Biological catalysts that lower the activation energy for reactions.

Genus

Quercus rubra and Quercus alba share the same genus.

Nucleotide

Structure formed by pentose sugar, phosphate, and nitrogenous base.

Response of living objects

An organism's action such as burrowing when touched.

Phosphate-phosphate bond

Energy in ATP is stored in the bonds between phosphates.

Nematodes

Phylum that contains unsegmented organisms.

Substitution mutation

Least likely to affect DNA replication ability.

Independent assortment

The genetic principle illustrated by a genotype like TtYy.

Cell wall

Structure that maintains the shape of plant cells.

Biological evolution

Changes in inherited traits within a population over generations.

Carbon-12 versus Carbon-14

Carbon-14 has two more neutrons than Carbon-12.

Cohesion

Attraction between water molecules.

Carbon dioxide passage

Order of carbon dioxide passage from the cells to lungs.

Peptide bond

Formed between amino acids.

Homozygous dominant

Crossing two true-breeding plants of contrasting traits.

Connective tissues

Hold body parts together.

Cilia versus flagella

Cilia are short and numerous while flagella are longer and fewer.

Meiosis

Results in cells with half the chromosome number.

Anaphase

Phase of mitosis where sister chromatids are pulled apart.

Carbohydrates function

Serve as a primary source of energy.