Indigenous Community and Grassroots Resistance

These flashcards cover key concepts, historical events, and modern activist movements related to Indigenous community structures and grassroots resistance as documented in the lecture notes.

Community (Indigenous context)

A network of relationships based on reciprocity, shared responsibilities, and collective identity that can be political, cultural, spiritual, social, or geographic.

Reciprocity

An Indigenous core value requiring members to give back to the community when they take resources or require assistance.

UNDRIP

The United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples, adopted in $2007$, which recognizes the international rights and responsibilities of Indigenous nations.

Cultural Communities

Communities formed through shared traditions, histories, values, and oral stories, such as those involving Sky Woman.

Tribal Communities

Communities organized around membership within a nation or tribe that provide political organization and connections to traditional territories.

Clan Communities

Communities that organize members according to specific systems which carry responsibilities and help govern relationships within society.

Kinship Relations

Extended support networks that include adopted or non-biological relatives, emphasizing collective well-being and survival.

Mythic Communities

A categorization of community consisting of people who share values or experiences, such as the global Indigenous community, without necessarily being in the same location.

Sighted Communities

Groups that share unity based on a specific location (such as the Nehiyawak) or a shared common goal (such as the Native Studies Student Association, or $NSSA$).

Temporary Invented Communities

Communities experiencing a one-time feeling of unity, often formed for a short-term project or specific event.

Ongoing Invented Communities

Communities formed for a specific purpose that remain functional over a long period, such as the Truth and Reconciliation Commission ($TRC$).

The Oka Crisis

A $1990$ grassroots resistance in Quebec (Kanesatake Resistance) triggered by plans to expand a golf course onto Mohawk land containing burial grounds.

John Ciaccia

The Quebec Minister of Native Affairs who supported Mohawk concerns during the Oka Crisis.

Clan Mothers

Leaders within the Kanien'kehá:ka (Mohawk) who mobilized resistance during the Oka Crisis using traditional matriarchal lordship.

Idle No More

A grassroots movement founded on $11/10/2012$ by Jessica Gordon, Sheelah McLean, Sylvia McAdam, and Nina Wilson in response to Bill C-45.

Bill C-45

Proposed legislation that included amendments to the Indian Act, the Navigation Protection Act, and the Environmental Assessment Act, threatening Indigenous sovereignty.

Navigation Protection Act

Legislation amended by Bill C-45 which removed environmental protections from approximately $99.9\%$ of Canadian lakes and rivers.

MMIWG2S+

Missing and Murdered Indigenous Women, Girls, and Two-Spirit Peoples; a social movement community demanding justice for gendered colonial violence.

Autumn Peltier

A water protector from Wikwemikong First Nation who advocates for clean water as a pillar of Indigenous self-determination.

Chief Toghestiy

A Wet'suwet'en chief who, in $2012$, offered an eagle feather to surveyors as a peaceful warning to trespassers under Indigenous law.

Bikai Wa'atin

A law within the Wet'suwet'en Inuk Nu'ot'en declaring it a husband's duty to protect his wife's sovereign territory.

Unist'ot'en Camp

A resistance community formed to serve as traditional watchmen over Wet'suwet'en lands, which was dismantled by an RCMP raid in February $2020$.

Slacktivism

Also known as clicktivism, the critique that online activities like sharing hashtags or joining Facebook groups provide a false sense of achievement without meaningful offline action.

Internet Trolls

Anonymous users who spread hate, racism, and misinformation, leading CBC to close comment sections on Indigenous stories in November $2015$.

Surveillance Capitalism

A term described by Shoshana Zuboff where social media platforms translate behavior into data for prediction products sold in behavioral futures markets.

One House Many Nations (OHMN)

An offline initiative to create Indigenous-led housing solutions, such as the Muskrat Hut and sustainable modular housing in Opaskwayak Cree Nation.