disease processes definitions

ischemia

lack of oxygenated blood supply to a body part

hypoxia

lack of oxygen

hypoxemia

lack of oxygen in arterial blood

A -

without

hyper -

excessive or high

hypo -

deficient or low

-aemia

blood or relating to a blood condition

epi-

on or uppermost

endo-

inward or innermost

myo-

muscle

infarction

area of necrosis

thrombus

blood clot attached to wall of a vessel or heart chamber

embolus

anything undissolved travelling in the blood

aneurysm

localised abnormal ballooning out or dilation of a vessel/ventricle wall

atheroma

sclerotic plaque representing an area of chronic inflammation within the wall of an artery

atherosclerosis

process of atheroma formation

congestion

passive build-up of blood within a vessel which increases hydrostatic pressure

oedema

increased fluid in interstitial tissue

effusion

increased fluid in body cavity

exudate

high protein oedematous fluid caused increased hydrostatic pressure from hyperaemia and increased vascular permeability

transudate

low protein oedematous fluid caused by increased hydrostatic pressure and/or reduced colloidal osmotic pressure

haemorrhage

loss of blood from a damaged vessel

haematoma

bruise or accumulation of blood constitutes in a tissue, organ or body cavity