Biology; Unit 8: Cell Cycle

Cell Cycle

life of a cell (how it is made)

What are 4 main parts of the cell cycle

1. G1 (growth phase 1)

2. S (DNA synthesis)

3. G2 (growth phase 2)

4. M (mitotic phase)

G1 Phase (Hint 2 things)

1. cell grows, makes proteins, + gets energy/materials needed for DNA replication

2. makes macromolecules

S phase (Hint 3 things)

1. DNA = replicated

2. 2 identical chromatids form attached by centromere

3. centrosome duplicates

G2 Phase (Hint 2 things)

1. cell continues to grow

2. organelles = duplicated

3. preparation for cell division

M Phase

1. cell divides

What are the 2 stages of the cell cycle

1. Interphase

2. Mitosis

Interphase

period of the cell cycle between cell divisions where cell grows + replicates its DNA

What phases are included in interphase

1. G1 Phase

2. S Phase

3. G2 Phase

How much time it spent in cell cycle

about 90%

Mitotic Phase

stage of cell cycle where cell divides (includes mitosis + cytokinesis)

Why is cell cycle needed (Hint 3 things)

1. grow/develop

2. repair

3. replace

True or False: All cells go through cell cycle

False --> NOT ALL CELLS go through cell cycle (ex: nerve cells)

What happens if cell gets to big (Hint 3 things)

1. transport across cell membrane is slow

2. internal cel transport is slow

3. cell has need to survive

Cell Cycle Diagram (Hint 11 things)

1. Interphase

a. G1 Phase

b. S Phase

c. G2 Phase

2. Mitotic

a. Metaphase

i. Prophase

ii. Prometaphase

iii. Metaphase

iv. Anaphase

v. Telaphase

b. Cytokinesis

Cell Cycle Checkpoints

points in cell to make sure safe to continue going (like security guards letting u go through to next phase)

What are the 3 major checkpoints

1. G1 checkpoint

2. G2 checkpoint

3. M checkpoint

G1 Checkpoint (Hint 1 thing)

checks for damage to genomic DNA

G2 Checkpoint (Hint 1 thing)

ensures chromosomes have been replicated + not damaged

M Checkpoint (Hint 1 thing)

check if all sister chromatids = correctly attached to spindle fibers