history final

new imperialism

a period of colonial expansion by European powers

causes of new imperialism

include economic motivations, nationalistic fervor, and desire for strategic advantage.

social darwinism

the belief that certain human races are superior

reasons for western success

technological advancements, military superiority, and economic dominance.

countries engaged in new imperialism

UK, France, Germany, Italy, Netherlands, Belgium, Portugal, Russia, U.S., Japan

scramble for africa

invasion of most of africa

belgian congo

belgian colony in central africa

causes of WWI

the assassination of archduke ferdinand

triple alliance

Germany, Austria-Hungary, Italy

triple entente

russia, france, great britain

european arms race

military buildup

assassination of archduke ferdinand

killed by serbian nationalist,

western front

one of main theatres

causes for defensive advantage

technology outpacing doctrine

new offensive weapons

tanks, poison gas, flamethrowers

sinking of lusitania

british ocean liner, torpedoed by german navy boat

zimmerman telegram

secret communication issued by german foreign office

wilsons fourteen points

speech for peace

treaty of versailles

officically ended WWI

league of nations

established to prevent another wwi

russian revolution

political and social change

czar nicholas II

emperor of russia

vladimir lenin

russian politician

karl marx

german philosopher

class struggle in marxist thought

driving force of historical development

Hyperinflation in Germany

affected german papiermark

Characteristics of Communism

rejected class based societies, called for world-wide revolution, rejected nationalism, opposed private property

Characteristics of Fascism

hyper nationalistic, authoritarian, cooperation between classes, planned economy

Characteristics of Nazism

german superiority, racial “purity”, anti-semetic

Characteristics of Totalitarianism

one party rule, no limits to state authority

Benito Mussolini

prime minister of italy

adolf hitler

german politician, dictator of germany

Emperor Hirohito

124th emperor of japan

Military’s Steps to Create Authoritarian Government in Japan

exploting loopholes, political violence, independent foreign military actions

Causes of Great Depression

stock market crash

Crash of Stock Market

major stock market crash in 1929

Impact of Great Depression on United States

unemployment rates, stock market drops

Franklin Roosevelt

president of US

New Deal

federal programs enacted to provide relief

Impact of Great Depression on Europe

unemployment, bank collapses, drop in international trade

Impact of Great Depression on Germany

economy collapsed

Impact of Great Depression on Chile

unemployment, political instability

Nazi’s Program to End Depression in Germany

spending, military rearmment

Impact of Great Depression on Japan

collapse in exports, farm prices

Justifications for Japanese Empire

economic necessity, yamamoto race

Japanese Invasion of China

republic of china and empire of japan in 1937-1945

Rape of Nanjing

mass rape and murder of chinese civilians

Hitler’s Mein Kampf

german volk must be brought together

appeasement

foreign policy involving territorial and political concessions

Conquest of Czechoslovakia

1939 nazi germany invasion

Pact of Steel

friendship and alliance between germany and italy

German Conquest of Poland

joint attack by germany, slovak republic, and soviet union

Blitzkrieg

arms strat used by germany

German Conquest of France

germany invaded and defeated france within 6 weeks

Miracle of Dunkirk

338,000 soldiers evacuated

Battle of Britain

military campaign

Lend-Lease Program

lend, lease, or transfer military supplies

Japanese Attack on Pearl Harbor

12/7/41, 2,400 people killed

Triumph of the Will

nazi propaganda

The Ducktators

satarizes events of wwii

Battle of Midway

major naval battle in pacific theater

Holocaust

genocide of european jewish people

D-Day

allied invasion of normandy

Hiroshima

atomic bomb

Decolonization

process of colonies gaining independence

Nuremberg Trials

international crime trials

U.S. Occupation of Japan

transformed japan to democratic nation

Soviet occupation of Eastern Europe

created strategic bumper zone

H-Bomb

high-yield weapon

MAD

cold war military strat

Duck and Cover

taught society to protect themselves

Containment

US foreign policy to stop communism

Marshall Plan

launched to help rebuild western europe

Berlin Airlift

food and supplies flown into west berlin