Group 7 Language Review

What is Communication?

Sending and receiving information. Can be both verbal and nonverbal.

What are the components of language?

Symbolic, Abstract, Syntax, Generative

Which animals did we discuss in class as examples of language acquisition?

All the above. (Alex the parrot, koko the gorilla, kanzi the bonobo)

his is a man who knows how to Zib. Yesterday, he did the same thing. Yesterday, he ________.

Zibbed

Important Neuroanatomy for Language

All of the above. (primary auditory cortex, wernicke’s area, broca’s area)

What is Arcuate Fasciculus?

Extensive band of white matter fibers that connect Broca’s area and Wernicke’s area

Define Aphasia

Impairment in expression, comprehension,and/or manipulation of sounds or other language components

In which areas of the brain do strokes most commonly occur?

Middle Cerebral Artery

Which is NOT an Aphasia type?

Dissociation Aphasia

In the article “Dissociation between singing and speaking in expressive aphasia: The role of song familiarity”. What was the main finding about patients with expressive aphasia?

Patients could sing familiar songs more fluently than they could speak, suggesting different neural pathways “GS showed a pronounced increase in the number of correctly reproduced words during singing as compared to speaking excerpts of familiar lyrics.”

Which of the following correctly describes Broca’s Aphasia?

Difficulty expressing thoughts; language comprehension is mostly in tact

How do we test for aphasia?

Behavioral tests such as the Boston Diagnostic Examination (cookie theft)

Which of the following is NOT a way to treat aphasia?

Improving nutrition/diet

What is the best way to communicate with someone who has aphasia?

Speak in short, simple sentences

What are the essential skills for reading?

Phonological Awareness, Vocabulary, Comprehension

hat assessment tests individuals ability to read words “automatically” or as a whole?

RAN (Rapid Automatic Naming)

What are the 2 pathways for reading and their functions?

Dorsal Pathway (aka indirect) - Sounding Out Words; Ventral Pathway (aka direct) - Whole word recognition

What is the neuronal recycling hypothesis?

The idea that organization of the brain has anatomical constraints; therefore, we use cortical areas that “originally” had another function

What is Dyslexia?

Learning disability for reading and writing

What percentage of children are affected by Dyslexia?

10%

What region of the brain is required for phonological processing?

Left parietal-temporal lobe

What region of the brain is required for whole word recognition?

Left occipital-temporal lobe

Labeled brain