Chemistry Practice Exam 3 Flashcards

These flashcards cover key concepts from the Chemistry Practice Exam 3 to aid in review and preparation for the exam.

Structural Formula

A formula that shows the arrangement of all bonds in a molecule.

Alkane

An organic compound composed of carbon and hydrogen connected only by single bonds.

Hydrocarbons

Compounds that are primarily made of hydrogen and carbon.

Structural Isomers

Molecules that share the same formula but have a different arrangement of atoms.

Saturated Hydrocarbons

Hydrocarbons in which all carbon atoms have only single bonds.

Intermolecular Forces

Forces that occur between molecules, influencing physical properties.

Electronegativity

The ability of an atom to attract shared electrons in a covalent bond.

Cycloalkane

A type of alkane that contains a ring structure.

Alkene

An organic compound that contains at least one carbon-carbon double bond.

Complete Combustion

The combustion of a hydrocarbon producing carbon dioxide and water.

Tertiary Alcohol

An alcohol where the hydroxyl group (-OH) is bonded to a carbon that is attached to three other carbon atoms.

Carbonyl Group

A functional group consisting of a carbon atom double bonded to an oxygen atom.

Amine-containing Drugs

Commonly administered in the form of ammonium salts.

Primary Alcohol Oxidation

Producing a carboxylic acid when a primary alcohol is fully oxidized.

Dehydration of Alcohol

A reaction that yields an alkene when an alcohol loses water.

Alcohol Functional Group

Alcohols contain a hydroxyl (-OH) group.

Hydrogen Bonding

Attractive forces that alcohols form between their molecules.

Thiol Structure

Similar to alcohols but with sulfur in place of oxygen in the functional group.

Secondary Amine

An amine where the nitrogen atom is bonded to two carbon atoms.

Ethanoic Acid

Common name for acetic acid.

Hydrolysis of Ester

The process of splitting apart an ester in the presence of water and an acid.

Esters in Fragrances

Many fragrances and flavors of flowers and fruits are due to esters.

Dilute Acetic Acid

Behaves as a weak acid when in water solution.

Ester Formation

Occurs from the reaction of a carboxylic acid and an alcohol.

IUPAC Naming

Systematic method for naming chemical compounds.

Line-Angle Structures

A simplified representation of a molecule's structure.