LBBBION FINAL

Androecium

The male reproductive part of a flower.

Gynoecium

The female reproductive part of a flower.

Flower

The reproductive organ of the plant.

Perianth

The collective term for the petals and sepals of a flower.

Stamen

The male part of a flower, consisting of an anther and filament.

Pistil (Carpel)

The female part of a flower, consisting of the ovary, style, and stigma.

Petal (Corolla)

The colorful part of a flower that attracts pollinators.

Sepals (Calyx)

The outer parts of a flower that protect the developing bud.

Solitary Flower

A flower that grows alone on a stem.

Inflorescence Flower

A cluster of flowers arranged on a stem.

Peduncle

The main stem that supports an inflorescence.

Pedicel

The stalk of a single flower in an inflorescence.

Bracteole

A small leaf-like structure associated with a flower or inflorescence.

Bract

A modified leaf that is often associated with a flower or inflorescence.

Cincinnus

A type of inflorescence with flowers arranged in a spiral.

Bostryx/Scorpioid Cyme

A type of inflorescence where flowers develop from the tip of the stem.

Drepanium

A type of inflorescence characterized by a curved shape.

Rhipidium

A type of inflorescence with flowers arranged on one side.

Raceme

An inflorescence with flowers attached by short stalks along a central stem.

Spike

An inflorescence with flowers attached directly to the central stem.

Ament/Catkin

A type of inflorescence that is typically elongated and drooping.

Spadix

A fleshy spike of flowers surrounded by a leaf-like bract.

Complete Flower

A flower with all whorls present (male and female parts, complete perianth).

Incomplete Flower

A flower with the absence of at least one whorl.

Perfect Flower

A flower that has both male and female structures present.

Imperfect Flower

A flower that has either male or female structures, but not both.

Monoecious

A plant that has both male and female reproductive structures.

Dioecious

A plant that has distinct male or female individuals.

Radial Symmetry

can be divided in to 2 equal halves along any medial cut through central axis.

Bilateral Symmetry

divided in to 2 equal halves only by a medial cut.

Ovary Superior

stamens, petals and sepals arise from a level BELOW the base of the ovary.

Ovary Inferior

stamens, petals and sepals arise from a level that is ABOVE the base of the ovary.

Epigynous

the ovary is situated below the other floral parts.

Epiperigynous

the ovary is surrounded by other floral parts.

Free Petals

(Apopetalous) petals that are not fused together.

Fused Petals

(Gamopetalous) petals that are fused together.

Apetalous

lacking petals.

Single Flower

a flower that is not part of an inflorescence.

Inflorescence

a group or cluster of flowers.

Pistil

the female reproductive part of a flower.

Ovary Wall

the outer layer of the ovary.

Placenta

the tissue within the ovary that connects the ovules.

Locule

a chamber within the ovary.

Ovule

the structure that develops into a seed after fertilization.

Funiculus

the stalk that attaches the ovule to the placenta.

Embryo Sac

the female gametophyte within the ovule.

Integument

the outer layer of the ovule.

Nucellus

the central part of the ovule.

Micropyle

the opening in the ovule through which the pollen tube enters.

Megasporocyte

a cell that undergoes meiosis to form megaspores.

Fruits

Develop from the ovary of the flower after the fertilization of egg.

Ovary

The part of the flower that develops into fruit.

Seeds

Develop from ovules after fertilization.

Fruit

A mature, ripened ovary that contains the seeds.

Exocarp

The outer layer of the fruit.

Mesocarp

The middle layer of the fruit.

Endocarp

The inner layer of the fruit.

Simple Fruit

Fruit that develops from a single ovary of one flower.

Aggregate Fruit

Fruit that develops from one flower with many ovaries.

Multiple Fruit

Fruit that develops from several flowers of an inflorescence crowded together on one stem.

Fleshy Fruit

Fruit with a succulent pericarp at maturity.

Dry Fruit

Fruit with a dry pericarp at maturity.

Dehiscent Fruit

Fruit that splits open along definite seams at maturity.

Indehiscent Fruit

Fruit that does not open along definite seams at maturity.

Berry

A pulpy fruit throughout with soft fruit walls.

Hesperidium

Fruit with inner pulp juice sacs or vesicles enclosed in a leathery rind.

Pepo

Fruit with a thick pericarp and hard rind.

Drupe

One-seeded fruit with a distinctly divided pericarp.

Pome

Fleshy fruit that develops from the receptacle of the flower, often called an accessory fruit.

Follicle

Fruit that develops from a single ripened ovary and splits once to release seeds.

Legume/Pod

Fruit that splits open along two lines of dehiscence following maturation and drying.

Capsule

Fruit composed of more than one carpel that separates, leaving a persistent wall between them.

Silique

Fruit of two fused carpels that separate.

Samara

A type of dry fruit that has wings.

Caryopsis/Grain

A type of dry fruit where the seed is fused with the pericarp.

Achene

A small, dry fruit that contains a single seed.

Nut

A hard-shelled fruit containing a single seed.

Dry Indehiscent Fruits

Fruits that do not split open at maturity.

Caryopsis or Grain

One seeded fruit where the coat is completely fused to the inner surface of the pericarp.

Placentation

The arrangement and attachment of ovules inside the ovary.

Marginal Placentation

Ovules are attached to a placenta on one side of the ovary.

Free-central Placentation

Ovules are attached to a central axis of a uniloculate ovary.

Parietal Placentation

Ovules are found along the walls of a uniloculate ovary.

Axile Placentation

Only one elongated placenta is found in the center of the ovary.

Basal Placentation

The placenta is at the base (bottom) of the ovary.

Dispersal by Wind

Mechanism of seed dispersal where seeds are carried away by the wind.

Dispersal by Water

Mechanism of seed dispersal where seeds are carried away by water.

Dispersal by Animals

Mechanism of seed dispersal where seeds are spread by animals.

Dispersal by Explosion (Ballistic)

Fruits that explode when dry, throwing seeds several distances from the main plant.

Dry Fruits

Fruits with a dry pericarp at maturity.

Fleshy Fruits

Fruits that are succulent (tender, juicy, tasty).

Parts of a Seed

The various components that make up a seed, including the seed coat, micropyle, hilum, cotyledon, embryo, epicotyl, and hypocotyl.

Endospermic seeds

Seeds that contain endosperm, which provides nourishment to the developing seedling.

Exendospermic seeds

Seeds that do not contain endosperm.

Seed Coat

The outer protective layer of a seed that safeguards the internal parts.

Aleurone

A layer rich in protein and composed of living cells, found in seeds.

Endosperm

The tissue that provides nourishment to the developing seedling, composed of starch and not alive.

Scutellum/Cotyledon

The first leaf of monocot plants, which is a large shielded cotyledon.

Coleoptile

A sheath that protects the emerging shoot as it pushes up through the soil.

Plumule

The growing point for the first shoots and leaves of a plant.