Respiratory Drugs Study Guide Flashcards

A complete set of vocabulary flashcards covering the classes, names, and key clinical considerations of respiratory drugs as outlined in the lecture notes.

SABA (Albuterol)

A rescue inhaler used for acute bronchospasm; side effects include tachycardia, tremors, and hypokalemia.

LABA (Salmeterol, Formoterol)

Long-acting bronchodilator and controller medication; it should never be used alone in asthma.

Anticholinergics (Ipratropium, Tiotropium)

Medications that cause dry mouth, urinary retention, and constipation; Tiotropium is used for COPD maintenance.

ICS (Fluticasone, Budesonide, Beclomethasone)

Controller medications that require rinsing the mouth after use to prevent oral thrush.

Systemic Corticosteroids (Prednisone, Methylprednisolone)

Medications that should be taken with food; side effects include hyperglycemia and increased infection risk.

Leukotriene Modifiers (Montelukast, Zafirlukast)

Controller medications associated with mood changes; not intended for acute attacks.

Methylxanthines (Theophylline)

Medications with toxicity risks including nausea, insomnia, and tachycardia; seizures indicate severe toxicity.

Mucolytic (Acetylcysteine)

A medication that breaks up mucus; side effects include bronchospasm and an unpleasant odor.

Expectorant (Guaifenesin)

Loosens mucus; patients should increase fluid intake while taking it.

Antitussives (Benzonatate, Dextromethorphan)

Used to suppress cough; Benzonatate must be swallowed whole.

Decongestants (Pseudoephedrine, Phenylephrine)

Drugs that may cause HTN, tachycardia, and insomnia.

Antihistamines (Diphenhydramine, Loratadine, Cetirizine)

Diphenhydramine causes drowsiness and dryness, while Loratadine and Cetirizine offer less sedation.

Mast Cell Stabilizer (Cromolyn)

Used for prevention only and not as a rescue medication.

Biologics (Omalizumab, Dupilumab, etc.)

Used for severe asthma; requires monitoring for anaphylaxis.

PDE-4 Inhibitor (Roflumilast)

Medication for COPD associated with weight loss and depression.