Year 8 Science Biology Revision

Vocabulary-style flashcards covering the Year 8 Science - Biology curriculum, including reproduction, respiration, digestion, and unicellular organisms.

Sexual Reproduction

The biological process where an egg cell is fertilized to create offspring.

Implantation

The process where an embryo attaches to the uterus in order to develop.

Embryo

The early stage of development of an organism before it becomes a foetus.

Foetus

An unborn offspring, in the post-embryonic stage, that is protected and cared for in the uterus.

Gestation

The period of time during which a foetus develops inside a woman's body.

Adolescence

The period of growing up and developing from a child into an adult.

Menstrual Cycle

The monthly cycle of changes in the female reproductive system.

Inhaling and Exhaling

The process of breathing air in and out of the respiratory system.

Alveoli

Small air sacs in the lungs where the process of gas exchange occurs.

Gas Exchange

The process in the alveoli where inhaled air is swapped for exhaled air.

Aerobic Respiration

A cellular process that requires oxygen to release energy, represented by the word equation: $\text{glucose} + \text{oxygen} \rightarrow \text{carbon dioxide} + \text{water}$

Anaerobic Respiration (Animals)

A form of respiration that occurs without oxygen in animals, represented by the word equation: $\text{glucose} \rightarrow \text{lactic acid}$

Anaerobic Respiration (Microbes)

A form of respiration that occurs without oxygen in microorganisms, represented by the word equation: $\text{glucose} \rightarrow \text{ethanol} + \text{carbon dioxide}$

Mean

An average value calculated in scientific investigations to improve the reliability of data.

Balanced Diet

A diet that contains all the necessary nutrients in the correct proportions for health.

Food Tests

Laboratory procedures used to identify the presence of starch, sugar, or protein in food.

Malnutrition

A health condition caused by a lack of proper nutrients or an unbalanced diet.

Digestion

The process of breaking down food in the digestive system organs.

Enzymes

Biological molecules that speed up chemical reactions, such as those involved in digestion.

Diffusion

The process that enables the absorption of nutrients by the small intestine.

Surface Area

An adaptation of the small intestine to increase the speed and efficiency of absorption.

7 Life Processes

The seven fundamental processes (Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition) that all living organisms perform.

Unicellular organisms

Living things that are composed of only one single cell.

Multicellular organisms

Living things that are composed of many specialized cells.

Yeast

A microscopic fungus used in baking and brewing that can perform respiration.

Bacteria

Microscopic unicellular organisms that reproduce through cell division.