Animal nutrition - digestive system

Alimentary canal

Tube that runs down the entire body, within which food is digested.

Function of mouth

Food is chewed, formation of bolus

Function of salivary glands

Release salvia througnducts also contains amalyse

Function of oesophagus

Directs food to stomach by peristalsis (involuntary contraction and relaxation of muscles that moves food down)

Function of stomach

Chemical digestion by enzymes, physical digestion by muscles in walls, produces hydrochloric acid

Function of duodenum

First part of small intestine, chemical digestion by enzymes

Function of pancreas

Release pancreatic juice (with enzymes) into duodenum

Function of liver

Produces bile (for emulsifying fats)

Function of gall bladder

Stores and releases bile into duodenum

Illeum

Second part of small intestine, final stage of chemical difestion, absorption of soluable food molecules. Very long lining folded into villi

Colon

First part of large intestine, water and bile salts are reabsorbed

Function of rectum

Collects and holds faeces

Function of anus

Faeces passes through the anus

Ingestion

Taking in substances into the body

Digestion

The breakdown of food molecules

Where is physical digestion done?

Mouth, stomach, liver, gall bladder

Where is chemical digestion done?

Mouth, sailvary glands, stomach, pancreas, illeum

Absorption

Movement of nutrents from the intestines into the blood (done in the illem and colon)

Assimilation

Uptake and use of nutrients in cells

Egestion

Removal of undigested food from the body as faeces