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Agricultural Revolution

Increase in food supply in Britain leading to more disposable income for manufactured goods.

Cottage Industry Entrepreneurs

Successful entrepreneurs investing in new manufacturing methods in Britain.

Central Bank

Well-designed bank in Britain providing capital loans to entrepreneurs.

Entrepreneurship Environment

Favorable environment in Britain due to Parliament's rejection of absolutism.

Government Policies

Policies like the repeal of the Corn Laws in Britain facilitating labor movement to factories.

Mineral Resources

Abundance of coal and iron in Britain crucial for industrialization.

Empire Markets

Vast empire in Britain providing ready markets for manufactured goods.

Incentives for Inventors

Significant incentives in Britain leading to key innovations like the spinning jenny and steam engine.

Second Industrial Revolution

Larger scale industrialization in Europe from 1870-1914.

Factory System

Dominant mode of production in the Second Industrial Revolution, replacing handmade goods.

Krupp Family

Dominant player in the steel industry in Essen, Germany.

Railroads

Expansion of commerce and urbanization facilitated by railroads in Europe.

Liberalism

Emphasizes individual rights, popular sovereignty, and limited government.

Socialism

Ideology advocating for community ownership of means of production in response to Industrial Revolution inequalities.

Anarchism

Idea opposing governmental authority and advocating for voluntary cooperation in society.

Mass-Based Political Parties

Political parties appealing to more voters as European nations extended voting rights.

Labor Unions

Organizations promoting social and economic reforms for workers in Europe.

Women's Rights Movements

Movements advocating for legal, economic, and political rights for women in Europe.

Public Health Reforms

Reforms addressing poor living conditions and diseases in Europe during the 19th century.

Compulsory Education Laws

Laws passed in most European countries between 1870-1914 for children aged 6-12 to prepare for the Second Industrial Revolution.