scholars- cicero

Cicero’s letters (3)

they form a priceless store of information- Scullard
(Cicero’s self-promotion) obsessed with the idea of his own self-importance- Tempest
Cicero emerges as erratic, fickle, insincere and shallow- Tempest

The Philippics (2)

too old, too tired and too clueless as to the best course of action- Tempest
it was an astonishing display of energy and will, for a few months the Republic of Rome became a 63-year-old- Stockton

Cicero and Cataline (3)

Cataline’s guilt was obvious- Tempest
Cicero’s consulship had witnessed the practical accomplishment of all his ambitions- Tempest
one basic question for us should not be whether Cicero exaggerated the dangers of the conspiracy, but how far- Beard

Cicero’s attempts for peace, contribution to civil war and views on Pompey and Caesar

Cicero worked tirelessly to promote peace- but it was to no avail- Tempest
Cicero’s contribution to the civil war can be summed up as pretty ineffective- Tempest
Cicero, although he had developed a personal affection for Caesar in the later 50s, joined Pompey out of loyalty- Shotter

Pro Roscio and Quaestorship

Cicero could later represent the case as a blow for liberty against a tyrant- Wiedemann
Cicero’s performance as a quaestor clearly won him friends at Rome, as well as amongst the taxpayers of Sicily- Wiedemann

Verres (3)

this was a conscious act of self-promotion not only as an orator but as a politician- Tempest
Cicero’s success depended a lot on his speed in preparing the case as well as his flexibility- Tempest
Cicero magnifies out of all proportion the significance of the Verres case in the agitation for change- Gruen

Consequences of Verres (2)

Cicero was now the unchallenged master of the courts- Rawson
the prosecution of Verres suited Pompey very well- Wiedemann

Michael Grant

Fundamentally at all times Cicero was a moderate

Cicero’s political career often fell short of his principles