NASM CPT Chapter 19 + 20 + 21 + 22 + 23

Speed

The ability to move the body in one intended direction as fast as possible.

Agility

The ability to start (or accelerate), stop (or decelerate and stabilize), and change direction in response to a signal or stimulus quickly while maintaining postural control.

Quickness

The ability to react and change body position with maximal rate of force production, in all planes of motion and from all body positions, during dynamic activities.

Stride rate

The number of strides taken in a given amount of time (or distance).

Stride length

The distance covered with each stride during the gait cycle.

Frontside mechanics

Proper alignment of the lead leg and pelvis during sprinting, which includes ankle dorsiflexion, knee flexion, hip flexion, and a neutral pelvis.

Backside mechanics

Proper alignment of the rear leg and pelvis during sprinting, which includes ankle plantarflexion, knee extension, hip extension, and a neutral pelvis.

General adaptation syndrome

Describes the way in which the body responds and adapts to stress.

Alarm reaction stage

The initial reaction to a stressor.

DOMs

Pain or discomfort often felt 24 to 72 hours after intense exercise or unaccustomed physical activity.

Homeostasis

The process by which the human body strives to maintain a relatively stable equilibrium

Progressive overload

Increasing the intensity or volume of exercise programs using a systematic and gradual approach.

Resistance development

The body increases its functional capacity to adapt to a stressor.

Exhaustion

Prolonged stress or stress that is intolerable and will produce exhaustion or distress to the system.

Principle of specificity

A principle stating that the body will adapt to the specific demands that are placed on it; also known as the specific adaptations to imposed demands (SAID) principle.

Mechanical specificity

Refers to the weight and movements placed on the body.

Neuromuscular specificity

Refers to the speed of contraction and exercise selection.

Metabolic specificity

Refers to the energy demand placed on the body.

ATP

A high-energy molecule that serves as the main form of energy in the human body; known as the energy currency of the body.

Stabilization

The body’s ability to provide optimal dynamic joint support to maintain correct posture during all movements.

Muscular endurance

The ability to produce and maintain force production for prolonged periods of time.

Acute variables

Important components that specify how each exercise is to be performed; also known as exercise training variables.

Post-activation potentiation

The phenomenon by which acute muscle force generation is increased as a result of the inner contraction of the muscle.

Linear periodization

A traditional method of program design that aims to gradually increase the intensity of the training load while simultaneously decreasing volume over a set period of time.

Undulating periodization

A programming scheme, also known as nonlinear periodization, that uses changes in volume, intensity, and exercise selection to provide loading differences on a daily or weekly basis.

Fundamental movement patterns

Common and essential movements performed in daily life and are involved in exercise motions within a training session.

Intervertebral stability

Stability and support of individual spine segments.

Antirotational exercises

Core exercises performed in a manner in which the exerciser resists forces that cause torso rotation; often unilateral in nature.

Asymmetrical resistance loading

Unequal or uneven resistance force. Examples include using different loads for each extremity or performing unilateral exercises.

Kinesthetic awareness

The awareness of the body’s position as it moves through multiple planes of motion.

Suspended bodyweight training

A form of resistance training that uses a system of ropes and webbing that allows the user to work against their own body weight while performing various exercises.

Loaded movement training

Adding additional weight or load to dynamic, full-body, multiplanar movements.

1, 1.5, 2in

Common sizes for battle ropes in diameter

30, 40, 50ft

Common sizes for battle ropes in length

beta-blocker

What type of medications affect heart rate?

Arteriosclerosis

A general term that refers to the hardening and loss of elasticity of arteries.

Atherosclerosis

The processes by which plaque is formed in arteries leading to reduced blood flow.

Hyperglycemia

High blood sugar; the state of elevated glucose in the bloodstream

Hypoglycemia

Low blood sugar; the state of deficient glucose in the bloodstream.

Osteopenia

Lower than normal bone density and a precursor to osteoporosis.

Osteoporosis

A condition of reduced bone mineral density, which increases risk of bone fracture.

Arthritis

Chronic inflammation of the joints.

Osteoarthritis

Caused by degeneration of cartilage within joints.

Rheumatoid arthritis

A degenerative joint disease in which the body’s immune system mistakenly attacks its own tissue.

Intermittent claudication

The manifestation of the symptoms caused by peripheral arterial disease.

Peripheral arterial disease

A group of diseases in which blood vessels become restricted or blocked, typically as a result of atherosclerosis; also referred to as peripheral vascular disease