The Self in Western and Eastern Thought

This set of flashcards covers the key concepts of self within Western and Eastern thought, cultural influences on identity, psychological theories of love, and methods of contraception.

Individualism

A cultural orientation that emphasizes the individual as the main unit, focusing on independence and personal achievements.

Collectivism

A cultural perspective that prioritizes the group, where identity is shaped by relationships and decisions consider the welfare of others.

Ren

A Confucian concept meaning humanity, expressed through proper behavior and relationships.

Li

A Confucian virtue representing propriety, customs, and rules guiding behavior.

Xiao

A Confucian virtue referring to filiality, emphasizing respect and reverence for parents and family.

Yi

A Confucian virtue meaning righteousness, highlighting moral actions that are right in themselves, rather than for personal gain.

Genotype

The genetic makeup of an individual, which is not directly observable.

Phenotype

Observable physical traits of an individual, such as height and skin color.

Body Image

A person's perception and feelings about their physical appearance.

Essentialism

The belief that biological makeup defines the body, requiring a contextual understanding of social, cultural, and historical influences.

Social Constructionist Approach

The view that beauty and attractiveness are determined by cultural context, not just genetics.

Self-Esteem

An overall evaluation a person has of themselves, which can influence their well-being and relationships.

Lust

A drive for sexual desire and reproduction, controlled by hormones like testosterone and estrogen.

Attraction

The feeling of being drawn to someone, often associated with excitement and pleasure, involving dopaminergic activity.

Attachment

Long-term bonding or commitment influenced by hormones such as oxytocin, focusing on emotional closeness.

Triangular Theory of Love

A theory by Sternberg identifying three components of love: intimacy, passion, and commitment.

Behavioral Reinforcement Theory

A theory proposing that love develops through rewards and positive experiences.

Contraception

Methods used to prevent pregnancy, including hormonal, barrier, behavioral, and permanent methods.

HIV/AIDS

A virus that weakens the immune system, making the body vulnerable to infections.

Genital Herpes

A viral infection characterized by painful blisters in the genital area, which is manageable but incurable.

Chlamydia

A common bacterial sexually transmitted infection that can be asymptomatic but may damage the reproductive system if untreated.