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8 Terms
Brook Farm
A secular utopian community founded by George Ripley in 1841 in West Roxbury, notable for its emphasis on shared labor and personal pursuits.
Transcendentalism
A philosophical movement that influenced the establishment of communities like Brook Farm, emphasizing individualism and the inherent goodness of people and nature.
Nathaniel Hawthorne
A founding member of Brook Farm who documented his experiences in the fictionalized account 'Blithedale Romance.'
Fruitlands
A short-lived self-sufficient farming community founded in 1843 by Charles Lane and Bronson Alcott, notable for its strict lifestyle restrictions.
Louisa May Alcott
Daughter of Bronson Alcott, who later wrote a critical account of life at Fruitlands in 'Transcendental Wild Oats.'
New Harmony
A settlement founded by Robert Owen in Indiana aimed at scientific study free from capitalist constraints, known for the 'Boatload of Knowledge.'
The Shakers
A religious community known for their simple lifestyle and furniture design, practicing celibacy and communal ownership since the 18th century.
The Oneida
The Oneida community was a 19th-century religious commune founded in New York that is well-known for its practice of complex marriage and the production of silverware.