NCERT Solutions for Class 12 Chemistry - Chapter 2 Solutions

These flashcards cover key vocabulary terms and concepts related to solutions as discussed in the lecture notes for NCERT Class 12 Chemistry Chapter 2.

Mass percentage

The mass of solute in grams present in 100 g of the solution.

Mole fraction

The ratio of the number of moles of a component to the total number of moles of all components in a mixture.

Molality

The number of moles of solute per kilogram of solvent.

Molarity

The number of moles of solute dissolved in one liter of solution.

Raoult's Law

The partial vapor pressure of each volatile component in a solution is directly proportional to its mole fraction.

Henry's Law

The partial pressure of a gas above a solution is proportional to the mole fraction of the gas in the solution.

Freezing point depression

The lowering of the freezing point of a solvent when a solute is added.

Osmotic pressure

The pressure required to prevent the flow of solvent into a solution by osmosis.

Colligative properties

Properties of solutions that depend on the number of solute particles in a given amount of solvent.

Ideal solution

A solution that follows Raoult's Law at all concentrations and temperatures.

Non-volatile solute

A solute that does not readily evaporate and thus does not produce vapor pressure.

Vapor pressure lowering

The reduction in vapor pressure of a solvent when a non-volatile solute is dissolved in it.