Biology unit test

MRSGREN

MRSGREN

Movement, Respiration, Sensitivity, Growth, Reproduction, Excretion, Nutrition

Groups of bacteria

Vibrios, Cocci, Bacilli, Spirilla

Prokaryote

Doesn't have a nucleus, mostly unicellular, much smaller, binary fission, no mitochrondria

Eukaryote

Has a nucleus, bigger, multicellular, reproduce mitosis, standard cell stuff.

Fungi cell wall

Chitin

Bacteria cell wall

Meurin

Protoctist

Single celled, has a nucleus, characteristics of animals and plants.

Protoctist example

Seaweed, plasmodium (malaria)

Virus example

Ebola, influenza

Bacteria example

E. coli, salmonella

Micrometer to nanometer

x1000

Animal cell example

Epithelial cheek cell

Plant cell example

Endothelium onion cell

Binary fission

Bacteria reproduced by this, causes exponential growth

Reducing sugar test

Benedict's reagant + heat > blue to brick red precipitate

protein test

Biuret's solution > blue to lilac/purple

Lipids test

Shake with ethanol > cloudy white emulsion

Digestion

Breakdown of insoluble molecules to soluble molecules

Starch test

Iodine > yellow to blue/black

Mechanical digestion

physical breaking down food

Saphotroph

Decomposer

Chemical digestion

Enzymes breaking down food

Enzyme

biological catalyst - catabolic (break down) or anabolic (build up). Proteins

Amylase

Breaks down amylose (starch)

Enzyme denatures

High temp. or extreme pH - they have optimums

Animal cell diagram

Plant cell diagram

Calcium

Making teeth or bones

Phosphorus

Making of teeth and bones, part of dna and atp

Sodium

In body fluids e.g. blood

Chlorine

in body fluid e.g. blood

Magnesium

Making bones; found inside cells

Iron

Part of haemoglobin in red blood cells, helps carry oxygen

Vitamin A

makes chemicals in the retina and protects the surface of the eye. lack causes night blindness.

Vitamin B1

Helps with cell respiration. lack causes beri-beri

Vitamin B2

Helps with cell respiration. lack causes poor growth, dry s

Vitamin B3

Helps with cell respiration. lack causes pellagra (dry red skin, poor growth, and digestive disorders)

Vitamin C

Sticks together cells lining surfaces such as the mouth. lack causes scurvy.

Vitamin D

helps bones absorb calcium and phosphate. lack causes rickets and poor teeth.