MEAD Final

Virtues Ethical theories

What do we as podiatrists owe to patients under the concept of fidelity?

Truth

Kindness

Honesty

Respect

Skilled care

What reflects standard procedure at a hospital?

Policy and Procedure manuals

What are the 7 Major world religions?

1. Hinduism

2. Judaism

3. Buddhism

4. Christianity

5. Islam

6. Sikhism

7. Bahai

Different cultural cues

Hair

Attire

Ethnic names

Jewelry

Food

Hinduism

World's oldest religion

Only religion without a founder

What is the Hindu symbol?

"Om"

looks like a 30

Bindi

Forehead mark of a married Hindu woman

Shows marital status

Kurta

a loosen shirt, traditionally worn in Hindu countries

Sari

a garment worn by Hindu women

Dhoti

A cloth worn by Hindu men

Dietary laws of Hindu

Cow is sacred

Consumption of beef is against their religion

Mandir

Hindu place of worship

(Temple)

Proper etiquette in the Mandir

Take shoes off

Sit on the floor

Murtis

images or statues of Hindu gods

anointed with oil or milk (bc cow is sacred)

Puja

the act of worship

Making an offering to a deity at the mandir, outdoors, or home

Moksha

end of Samsara

become absorbed into God

Murti

image of a deity

Ista devata

The "chosen deity" of a Hindu who focuses worship on one among many gods and goddesses

Ganesh

Hindu elephant deity

deity of wisdom

remover of obstacles

Lakshmi

Hindu goddess of fortune and prosperity

Vishnu

Hindu god considered the preserver of the world

Help those in need

Lord Krishna

Hindu god

Shiva

A Hindu god considered the destroyer of the world.

Prasad

blessed food

the blessing received at the Mandir

Tilak

mark or line typically worn on the forehead of Hindu men

Sacred Thread Ceremony

a coming of age ceremony for boys in Hinduism

Rakhi

Hindu festival that celebrates the bond between brothers and sisters

the sacred thread that a sister ties around her brother's wrist during the celebration

Gesture of respect in Hindu

touch ones feet

Feet are viewed as filthy and polluting so touching feet is considered your entire being is holy

Diwali

Hindu festival of lights

Holi

Celebration of the defeat of Holika

Carnival atmosphere

Throw colored powder at each other

Holika

A demoness in Hindu Vedic scriptures who was burnt to death.

Namaste

Greeting/hello in Hindu

Pandit

Hindu priest/scholar

GITA

Holy book of Hindu

Judaism

the Jewish religion

Laws of Tznius

Jewish law that refers to the concept of modesty, particularly in dress and behavior

(loose clothes, hair covering, etc)

Mikvah

Jewish ritual bath for purification

What are the 4 branches of Judaism?

Orthodox

Conservative

Reform

Hasidic Orthodox

Orthodox Judaism

The most traditional branch of Judaism:

-Wears a yarmulke/kippah

-Snood

-Sheitel

-Tichel

Snood

A hair net of wool or silk worn by Orthodox Jews

Sheitel

wig worn by some Orthodox Jewish matrons for modesty (married women)

Tichel

head scarf worn by women in Judaism

Conservative Judaism

A branch of Judaism that attempts to blend the best of old and new Judaism

-wears yarmulke

-Keeps kosher

-Observes sabbath

-Daily prayer

-observes holidays

Reform Judaism

Modern Judaism with fewer rules and more room for individuality and ethics rather than rituals

No distinctive dress attire

Bar/Bat mitzvah

coming of age ceremony in judaism

Hasidic Orthodox Judaism

strict following of jewish laws

Payos (uncut hair)

Bekishe

Tallis

Areas of New York with elevated levels of Hasidic Orthodox Jews

Crown heights

Williamsburgh

Bobov

Payos

Uncut hair and side locks for Hasidic Orthodox Jews

Yarmulke

a skullcap worn in public by Orthodox Jewish men or during prayer by other Jewish men

reminder of God's supremacy (skull cap was a sign of a servant)

Bekishe

long black silk coat

Tallis

a prayer shawl with fringed edges worn by Jewish males

Orthodox vs Reform Synagogues

Orthodox:

-Male and female divided by Mechitzah

-No female rabbi

Reform:

-Women Rabbi & wear Tallis

Kosher

prepared according to Jewish dietary law

Treif

food that is not kosher

Kosher vs Treif is analogous to ___________

Halal vs. Haram in Muslim

Torah

The first five books of Jewish Scripture, which they believe are by Moses

Sacred scripture in Judaism

What are the 5 books of the Torah?

1. Genesis

2. Exodus

3. Leviticus

4. Numbers

5. Deuteronomy

What do they call their God in Judaism?

Yahweh or Hashem (more common)

Talmud

Rabbi's interpretation of the Torah

Oral tradition

How many commandments are there in Judaism?

613 commandments and Mitzvahs

Tzitzits

4 tassels hanging from the waist composed of knots that symbolize the 613 commandments in the Torah

Mezuzah

Jewish scripture that contains 10 commandments

You hang it on door frames and kiss it as you enter

Sabbath

a holy day for rest and worship in Judaism

Begins Friday at sunset and ends Saturday at sunset

What do Jewish people do during Sabbath?

Attend services

Spend time with family

39 Melachot

The categories of prohibited activities on Shabbat:

-Rest

-phone is off

-Say "Shabbat Shalom" or "Good Shabbos"

Parve

food that contains neither meat or dairy

Dietary restrictions of Judaism

No shellfish

pork

meat/poultry cannot be combined with dairy in the same meal

MUST BE KOSHER

Rosh Hashanah

Jewish New Year

Yom Kippur

the most solemn religious fast of the Jewish calendar

Reflect on sins and shortcomings

Passover

A time for Jews to remember the Exodus

Hannukah

An eight-day Jewish holiday

Celebrate faithfulness of God

Shomer

In the Jewish faith, a watcher; one who sits with the body until burial.

Siddur

Jewish prayer book

Vidui

confession of sins in Judaism

Ritual of Tahara

Washing body after death

Casket is always closed

Yarmulke is worn by men at funeral

Body is wrapped in shroud

What religions forbid cremation?

Islam and Judaism

Burial laws of Judaism

Buried within 24 hours

Sitting Shiva

7 days of intense mourning

In the muslim, catholic, hindu, and Jewish religions

Olam Ha Ba

The afterlife in Judaism

"the world to come"

Buddhism

A religion based on the teachings of the Buddha

Founded in 500 BCE

Siddhartha

Founder of Buddhism in 500 BCE

Born a Hindu in northern India

Why did Siddhartha leave the palace?

He was a rich spoiled kid who wasn't allowed to leave the castle

Left castle to seek and end suffering, illness, old age, and death

What are the 4 sights of Buddhism?

1. Old Age

2. Sickness

3. Death

4. Monk

No __________= happiness

No Possession = Happiness

Bardo

In Buddhism, the intermediate experience between death and rebirth

Yama

god of death in Buddhism

4 Noble truths of Buddhism

Dukkha- Truth of suffering (life is filled with suffering and dissatisfaction)

Samudaya- Truth of cause of suffering (caused by attachments and possessions)

Nirodha- Truth of the Cessation of Suffering (possible to eliminate suffering by removing its causes)

Magga- Truth of the Path to the Cessation of Suffering (eightfold path)

Nirvana

The state of englightenment for Buddhists by giving up all possessions and attachments

Wheel of Darma

Eightfold path of enlightenment in Buddhism

5 Cardinal Precepts of Buddhism

1. no killing

2. don't steal

3. don't lie

4. sexual respect

5. no alcohol/drugs

Ching Ming

day to remember ancestors in buddhism

Tibetan Book of the dead

guide to dying and through the in-between time between death and rebirth

Who must be present as a Buddhist is approaching death?

Buddhist munk, nun, or member of Sangha

Is the casket open or closed in Buddhism?

Open

unlike jewish and muslim burials

Bodhisattva

Buddhist worthy of nirvana who postpones it to help others

Nirvana

a condition of great peace or happiness in Buddhism

Qing Ming

annual spring festival when Chinese tend to family graves and make offerings to the ancestors

Christianity

World's largest religion (2 billion people)

Over 15,000 divisions of Christianity (Catholic, protestant, Baptist, etc)

3 Main branches of Christianity

Roman Catholic

Protestant

Orthodox