CHEM100 LEC EXAM 2

CHEM 100 LEC

What are Ionic Compounds?

Metal + Nonmetal

Metal + Nonmetal is what Compound?

Ionic Compound

What are Molecular/Covalent Compounds?

Nonmetal + Nonmetal

Nonmetal + Nonmetal is what Compound?

Molecular/Covalent Compound

What is an Acid?

Formula begins with hydrogen (EXCEPT H2O). Examples: HCI, HNO3, H3PO4, H2SO4

What is a Covalent?

Bond between 2 nonmetals. Examples: CO2, H2O, I4O9, BrF2, N2O, CCL4

What is a Salt?

Contains a Metal/Ammonium (NH4+) and an anion other than Hydroxide (OH-). Examples: NaCl, FeS, NH4I, MgSO4, AgNO3, K2O

What is a Base?

Contains a metal and hydroxide (OH-). Examples: KOH, Al(OH)3, Ba(OH)2, Ca(OH)2, Fe(OH)2, NaOH

What is a Polar Covalent Bond?

Bond between 2 different nonmetals. Examples: H2O, HCI

What is London?

A bond between two nonpolar molecules. Examples: Cl2, CH4, Ar

What is a Dipole-Dipole Bond?

A bond between the partially positive end of one polar molecule and the partially negative end of another polar molecule

What is a Nonpolar Covalent Bond?

Bond between the same 2 nonmetals. Examples: O2, Cl2, N2

When does Hydrogen Bonding Happen?

When hydrogen is directly bonded to: N, O, F. Look For: H-N, H-O, H-F

In a given atom, the Maximum Number of Electrons that can occupy the Fifth Shell is:

50 electrons

In a given atom, the Maximum Number of Electrons that can occupy the Fourth Shell is:

32 electrons

In a given atom, the Maximum Number of Electrons that can occupy the Third Shell is:

18 electrons

In a given atom, the Maximum Number of Electrons that can occupy the Second Shell is:

8 electrons

In a given atom, the Maximum Number of Electrons that can occupy the First Shell is:

2 electrons

In a given atom, the Maximum Number of Electrons that can occupy the Sixth Shell is:

72 electrons

In a given atom, the Maximum Number of Electrons that can occupy the Seventh Shell is:

98 electrons

A bond in which an Electron Pair is equally Shared by Two Atoms is

Nonpolar covalent

What is a Mole in Chemistry?

6.02 X 10^23

An Cation is an atom that has blank in a Chemical Reaction

Lost an electron

An anion is an atom that has blank in a Chemical Reaction

Gained an electron

Which Subatomic Particles contribute substantially to the Mass of the Atom?

Protons and Neutrons

In a Single Covalent Bond, there are blank Electrons shared between Two Atoms

2

In a Double Covalent Bond, there are blank Electrons shared between Two Atoms

4

In a Triple Covalent Bond, there are blank Electrons shared between Two Atoms

6

What Type of Elements tend to Lose their Outer Electrons easily?

Metals

What Type of Compound may have a Partially Negative and a Partially Positive Charge?

Covalent/Molecular

The Expected Charge for the Iron ion is

2+ and 3+

The Expected Charge for the Cobalt ion is

2+ and 3+

The Expected Charge for the Nickel ion is

2+ and 3+

The Expected Charge for the Copper ion is

+ and 2+

The Expected Charge for the Zinc ion is

2+

The Expected Charge for the Aluminum ion is

3+

The Expected Charge for the Silver ion is

+

The Expected Charge for the Gold ion is

+ and 3+

The Expected Charge for the Mercury ion is

+ and 2+

The Expected Charge for the Tin ion is

2+ and 4+

The Expected Charge for the Lead ion is

2+ and 4+

The Expected Charge for the Antimony ion is

3+ and 5+

How can you estimate Electronegativity?

By where the elements are located on the periodic table (How far apart)

Metals/Positive Charges Blank Electrons

Lose Electrons

Nonmetals/Negative Charges Blank Electrons

Gain Electrons

What is the Formula of Mass?

Mass=Moles X Molar Mass

What is the Formula of Moles?

Moles=Grams divided by Molar Mass

Atomic Mass

OH-

Hydroxide

C2H3O2-

Acetate

NO2-

Nitrite

NH4+

Ammonium

NO3-

Nitrate

HSO3-

Bisulfite

HSO4-

Bisulfate

HCO3-

Bicarbonate

ClO3-

Chlorate

ClO4-

Perchlorate

SO3²-

Sulfite

SO4²-

Sulfate

Co3²-

Carbonate

C2O4²-

Oxalate

PO4³-

Phosphate

Hydroxide

OH-

Acetate

C2H3O2-

Nitrite

NO2-

Nitrate

NO3-

Ammonium

NH4+

Bisulfite

HSO3-

Bisulfate

HSO4-

Bicarbonate

HCO3-

Chlorate

ClO3-

Perchlorate

ClO4-

Sulfite

SO3²-

Sulfate

SO4²-

Carbonate

CO3²-

Oxalate

C2O4²-

Phosphate

PO4³-