PM AND EXECUTIVE

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Last updated 5:59 PM on 6/7/26
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5 Terms

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Individual Ministerial Responsibility (IMR)

Traditional IMR

  • 1982 Carrington Falklands

  • 2018 Amber Rudd Windrush

Modern IMR

  • 2020 Priti Patel

  • 2021 Matt Hancock

  • 2022 Suella Braverman

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Collective Ministerial Responsibility (CMR)

Utility of government - promotes cohesion and trust in government

Traditional CMR:

  • 2003 Iraq War - Robin Cook and Clare Short

  • 1990 Geoffery Howe - Foreign Policy

Modern CMR:

  • 2022 Sunak and Javid

  • Chequers: David Davies and BoJo

  • 2019 Rudd Universal Credit

  • 2026 Wes Streeting

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Legislation on IMR and CMR

1997 Ministerial Code of Conduct

2024 Code of Conduct

2010 Constitutional Reform and Government Act

1998 Human Rights Act

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Prime Ministers - Case Studies

Thatcher

  • 1981 cleansed the Wets

  • Lawson and Howe resignations

  • 1990 cabinet called for her resignation - Poll Tax

  • Heseltine resigned over helicopter contract

Blair

  • sofa government - meetings only 30 mins

  • 1998 Bank of England Act

  • Mandelson / Campbell

  • 2004 Butler Report

  • 2016 Chilcot Inquiry

  • 80 SPADS in Gov: 30 private

  • 1997 Order in Council empowered SPADS

Gordon Brown

  • Brown and Darling managed the Northern Rock fallout

  • Brown - poverty in Africa

Cameron

  • 2010-15 use of the QUAD

  • Iain Duncan Smith 2012 Welfare Reform Act

  • Clegg and Cable - electoral and business reform

  • 2011 AV Referendum

  • 2011 Health and Social Care Bill

  • 92 SPADS 2016 - Craig Oliver

  • Osbourne 9 personal SPADS

May

  • TIRG and ERG

  • Mass Exodus Chequers 2018 - Davies and BOJO

  • Reliance on SPADS - Nick Timothy and Fiona Hill

  • 96-100 SPADS

Johnson

  • Centralised

  • 90 MP resignations, 50MPs resigned in 48 hours

  • Cummings and Mirza dominance - 116 SPADS

  • Carrie Clique

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Functions of the Cabinet

Policy

  • 2011 Health and Social Care Bill

  • 2024 lowering employee NI - Hunt and Sunak

  • 2024 Raise National Insurance - Starmer and Reeves

  • Brown and Darling Northern Rock

  • 2024 Workers Rights Act - Rayner

Parliamentary Agenda

  • Sunak - raising smoking age

  • Starmer - growth and living standards committee

  • Hammond and May - national insurance

  • 2026 Philipson’s ‘Children’s well being and schools act’