Lab Values - FF

Normal fasting glucose

60-99 mg/dL

Fasting blood glucose: Hypoglycemia

<70 mg/dL

Fasting blood glucose: Impaired glucose tolerance (insulin resistance)

100-125 mg/dL

Fasting Blood Glucose: Diabetes mellitus

>126 mg/dL

Blood Glucose RED FLAG:

At the start of exercise

<70 mg/dL or >250 mg/dL

Blood Glucose RED FLAG:

Risk of diabetic ketoacidosis

>300-350 mg/dL

Normal Glycosylated Hb (A1C)

4%-6%

Abnormal Glycosylated Hb (A1C)

>7%

Require immediate insulin therapy - Glycosylated Hb (A1C)

>10%

Normal pH - ABG

7.35-7.45

PaCO2 (partial pressure of CO2 in arterial blood) - ABG

35-45 mmHg

HCO3 (bicarbonate) - ABG

22-26 mEq/L

pO2 (partial pressure of O2) - ABG

60-100 mmHg

O2 saturation - ABG

95%-98%

O2 saturation during activity - ABG

Keep above 90%

Sodium

135-145 mEq/L

Potassium

3.5-5.0 mEq/L

Chloride

95-105 mEq/L

Calcium

9-11 mg/dL

BUN (Blood Urea Nitrogen)

10-20 mg/dL

Creatine

0.5-1.2 mg/dL

Carbon dioxide

20-29 mEq/L

Magnesium

1.5-2.5 mEq/L

Hgb in Females

12-16 g/dL

Hgb in Males

13-18 g/dL

Hematocrit (%) in Females

36-46%

Hematocrit (%) in Males

37-49%

Serum Bilirubin

Direct (Conjugated) - after processed by the liver

0.1-0.3 mg/dL

Serum Bilirubin

Indirect (Unconjugated) - before liver processing

0.2-0.8 mg/dL

Serum Bilirubin

Total

0.3-1.0 mg/dL

Urine Bilirubin

0

Urine Bilirubin

Serum Cholesterol

150-250 mg/dL

Urine bilirubin: In bile duct obstruction, what happens to serum cholesterol levels?

Increases

Urine bilirubin: In liver damage, what happens to serum cholesterol levels?

Reduced

Urine Bilirubin

Total protein

6-8 g/dL

Urine bilirubin: In liver damage, what happens to total protein?

Reduced

Urine Bilirubin

Serum Albumin

2.5-4.8 g/dL

Urine bilirubin: In liver damage, what happens to serum albumin?

Reduced

Urine bilirubin: With age, what happens to serum albumin?

Decreases

Coagulation: Normal Prothrombin time?

12-15 sec

Coagulation functions: When does liver damage occur from prothrombin time?

With PROLONGED prothrombin time

Coagulation: For people taking anticoagulations what happens to prothrombin time?

It is doubled

Coagulation: Platelets

150,000-400,000/ mm³

Coagulation: When the spleen is enlarged due to portal hypertension, what may happen to the platelet levels?

They may drop

Normal INR (how long for blood to clot)

0.9-1.1

For individuals on anticoagulants:

>2.5

Guard against falls

For individuals on anticoagulants:

>3.0

Risk for hemarthrosis (bleeding into a joint space)

For individuals on anticoagulants:

>4.0

Increase in exercise routine may be contraindicated or modified; discuss with physician

For individuals on anticoagulants:

>6.0

Bed rest till corrected

Exercise guidelines: Platelet count

No therapeutic exercise/hold therapy

<10,000 and/or temperature >100.5* F

Exercise guidelines: Platelet count

Therapeutic exercise/bike WITHOUT resistance

10,000-20,000

Exercise guidelines: Platelet count

Therapeutic exercise/bike WITH or WITHOUT resistance

>20,000

Hemoglobin (Hgb)

Essential activities of daily living

<8 g/dL

Hemoglobin (Hgb)

Essential activities of daily living, assistance as needed for safety; light aerobics, light weights (1-2 lb)

8-10 g/dL

Hemoglobin (Hgb)

Ambulation and self-care as tolerated; resistance and aerobic exercises

>10 g/dL

Hematocrit (Hct)

Essential activities of daily living; assistance as needed for safety

<25%

Hematocrit (Hct)

Essential activities of daily living; assistance as needed for safety; light aerobics, light weights (1-2 lb)

25%-35%

Hematocrit (Hct)

Ambulation and self-care as tolerated; resistance and aerobic exercises

>35%

White blood cell count

No exercise permitted

<5,000/mm³ with fever

White blood cell count

Light exercise permitted with progression to resistive exercise

>5,000/mm³