Dental theory 2 FINAL

On average, how many years earlier do smokers die than nonsmokers?

a. 10 years

b. 15 years

c. 1 year

d. 5 years

10 years

What kind of tobacco product represents the largest percentage of usage by adults in the U.S.?

a. Cigarettes

b. E-cigarettes

c. smokeless tobaccos

d. cigars

Cigarettes

All of the following are nicotine replacement product types EXCEPT for one. Which one is the exception.

a. Lozenges

b. Transdermal patches

c. Nasal spray

d. injections

injections

The term for bas breath which can be caused by smoking is

a. ketosis

b. polyuria

c. halitosis

d. leukoplakia

halitosis

What is the name of the antidepressant that may be given for smoking cessation?

a. Bupropion

b. Nitroglycerin

c. Albuterol

d. Varenicline

Bupropion

All of the following are part of the 5 A's EXCEPT for one. Which one is the exception?

a. Adapt

b. Advise

c. Arrange

d. Assess

Adapt

Which of the following would be the most effective strategy to be used as motivation for a patient to quit tobacco use?

a. Quote statistics on the number of deaths attributed to tobacco use

b. Use an intraoral camera to show patient oral changes

c. Hand the patient a pamphlet on tobacco cessation to take home

Use an intraoral camera to show patient oral changes

Which of the following statements about primary snoring is correct?

a. it occurs due to a severely collapsed airway

b. It is accosiated with excessive daytime sleepiness

c. findings on an overnight sleep study are normal

findings on an overnight sleep study are normal

What is the term for the sleep disorder that is classified as more than snoring, but not as severe as sleep apnea

a. Upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS)

b. Bengin snoring

c. polysomnogram

d. hypopnea

Upper airway resistance syndrome (UARS)

Which of the following is considered the gold standard treatment for obstructive sleep apnea?

a. Athletic mouthguard

b. tongue retaining device

c. mandibular advancement device

d. continuous positive airway pressure

continuous positive airway pressure

What type of hepatitis is most concerning for healthcare professionals?

a. Hepatitis E

b. Hepatitis A

c. Hepatitis C

d. Hepatitis B

Hepatitis B

The term for the yellowing of the skin that a sign of advanced liver disease is

a. hepatitis

b. cirrhosis

c. fatty liver

d. jaundice

jaundice

The term for the need for increased amounts of a substance to achieve the desired effect is

a. tolerance

d. addiction

c. dependence

d. withdrawal

tolerance

Alcoholism can be associated with the bilateral, painless hypertrophy of the

a. submandibular glands

b. post-auricular lymph nodes

c. cervical lymph nodes

d.parotid glands

parotid glands

Which of the following illicit substances can be made from over-the-counter (OTC) medications?

a. Cocaine

b. Methamphetamine

c. Benzodiazepines

d. Heroin

Methamphetamine

Which of the following is considered a CNS stimulant?

a. Opioids

b. Heroin

c. Alcohol

d. Cocaine

Cocaine

Alcohol use disorders are commonly associated with damage to what organ?

a. Heart

b. Kidney

c. Liver

d. Thyroid

Liver

What is the name of the opioid antagonist used to reverse the symptoms of opioid overdose?

a. naloxone (Narcan)

b. Disfuram (Antabuse)

c. Albuterol (Ventolin)

d. Methadone (Dolophine)

naloxone (Narcan)

Which of the following is immunosuppressive agent given to prevent organ rejection after transplantation and is known to cause gingival hyperplasia?

a. Cyclosporine (Sanidmmune)

b. Nifedipine (Procardia)

c. Albuterol (ventolin)

d. Atenolol (tenormin)

Cyclosporine (Sanidmmune)

All of the following are examples of procedures that are part of the pre-transplant dental screening EXCEPT for one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

a. Management of pulpal infections

b. Impressions for whitening trays

c. Assessment of third molars

d. Periodontal evaluation

Impressions for whitening trays

What is the term for hyperpigmentation that occurs during pregnancy with exposure to sunlight?

a. ectopic

b. malasma

c. granuloma

d. epulis

malasma

Where should a pillow be places to best position a pregnant patient?

a. Under right shoulder

b. Under right hip

c. Under left hip

d. Under left shoulder

Under right hip

Early childhood caries is defined as the presence of one or more decayed, missing, or filled tooth surfaces of primary teeth under the age of

a. 8

b. 6

c. 7

d. 9

6

The condition caused by a fungal infection that may occur during pregnancy, also known as thrush, is

a. oral pyogenic granuloma

b. candidiasis

c. oral mucositis

d. gingival hyperplasia

candidiasis

What bacteria is most associated with dental caries?

a. Staphylcoccus aureus

b. Tannerella forsythia

c. Porphyromonas gingivalis

d. streptococcus mutans

streptococcus mutans

What age should children have their first dental visit?

a. 2-3 years old

b. 1-2 years old

c. 2-3 weeks old

d. 6-12 months old

6-12 months old

At a child's first appointment of when a child is very little, the best approach to the first appointment to applying fluoride varnish and introducing them to the dental office is

a. child in a semi-upright position with parent/guardian next to them

b. using the knee to knee technique

c. laying the child supine with parent/guardian next to them

d. using the gentle restraint technique

using the knee to knee technique

in the ADA caries risk assessment form, contributing conditions that apply to the low, moderate, or high risk include all of the following except one. which one is the exception?

a. Sugary foods or drinks

b. Caries experience of mother, caregiver and other siblings

c. Exposure to radiographs

d. fluoride exposure

Exposure to radiographs

Aspiration pneumonia is the biggest concern in which patient population?

a. Pre-menopausal women

b. Adult patients

c. Patients who are children

d. Elderly patients

Elderly patients

Which of the following is an example of an inherited chronic lower respiratory tract disease?

a. Rhinitis

b. Cystic fibrosis

c. Bronchitis

d. Pneumonia

Cystic fibrosis

Which stage of cancer is indicative of metastasis?

a. Stage II

b. Stage I

c. Stage IV

d. Stage III

Stage IV

If a patient presents with a productive cough, has a general blue tone to their skin, and is overweight with a sedentary lifestyle, they most likely are diagnosed with

a. cystic fibrosis

b. viral pneumonia

c. chronic bronchitis

chronic bronchitis

If a patient has a history of a positive TB skin test but is only taking one medication and tells you that their chest x-ray was negative, they are most likely diagnosed with

a. active TB

b. latent TB

c. idiopathic TB

d. gestational TB

latent TB

All of the following respiratory diseases are typically chronic in nature EXCEPT one. Which on is the EXCEPTION?

a. cystic fibrosis

b. pneumonia

c. asthma

d. emphysema

pneumonia

What is the most common intraoral location for oral cancer?

a. Buccal mucosa

b. Tongue

c. Alveolar ridge

d. Retromolar pad

Tongue

What is the name of the diffuse, non-specific erythema & ulcerations of the non-keratinized oral mucosa that can occur 7-10 days after chemotherapy or radiation?

a. Oral mucositis

b. Cyanosis

c. Trismus

d. Osteonecrosis

Oral mucositis

Which of the following should not be used in a patient with severe respiratory disease?

a. Air/water syringe

b. Hand instruments

c. Saliva ejector

d. Air polisher

Air polisher

What medication should be avoided in a patient with asthma and a history of nasal polyps?

a. Albuterol

b. Aspirin

c. Nitroglycerin

d. Eponephrine

Aspirin

Ideally how often should an edentulous patient have an oral exam?

a. every 6 months

b. yearly

c. never

d. every 3 years

yearly

The first step in a wheelchair transfer, particularly of someone with a spinal cord injury, is to

a. speak directly with the cargiver

b. ask if they can transfer themselves

c. give the patient a pillow for their back

d. lock the wheels on the wheelchair

ask if they can transfer themselves

The chronic, degenerative autoimmune disease of the central nervous system which destroys the myelin sheath is:

a. multiple sclerosis

b. amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS)

c. muscular dytrophy

d. parkinson's disease

multiple sclerosis

Which condition that causes mobility impairment is usually a result of a lack of oxygen during birth?

a. cerebral palsy

b. amytropic lateral sclerosis

c. cystic fibrosis

d. muscular dystrophy

cerebral palsy

Age as a number, based on the individuals date of birth is called

a. biological age

b. chronologic age

c. physiological age

d. functional age

chronologic age

Age based on independence, frailty and physical performance is called

a. biological age

b. chronologic age

c. physiological age

d. functional age

functional age

An impairment in thinking, memory and judgment is called

a. dementia

b. frailty

c. biologic aging

d. secondary aging

dementia

Intrinsic darkening of the teeth with age has to do with

a. thickening of underlying dentin

b. dietary preferences of many older adults

c. use of topical antibiotics

d. tobacco use

thickening of underlying dentin

What is the most common cause of xerostomia in the elderly?

a. primary aging

b. prescription medications

c. Lack of vitamin C

d. Excess vitamin K

prescription medications

The hormone _________ is produces by the ___________ in the __________. This hormone acts like a key, allowing the cells in the body to take in _________ to use as energy.

word bank: glucose, pancreas, insulin, beta cells

The hormone insulin is produces by the beta cells in the pancreas. This hormone acts like a key, allowing the cells in the body to take in glucose to use as energy.

Match:

Type I

Type II

insulin injection

oral medications (pills, tablets)

Type I = insulin injection

Type 2 = oral medications

match:

a. Diabetes is a major cause of loosing an extremity due to neuropathy and vascular disease

b. Diabetes is associated with pain, numbness or tingling of mouth, face, and extremities

c. Diabetes is a leading cause of blindness called:

d. Diabetes is a leading cause of kidney damage called:

1. Nephropathy

2. Retinopathy

3. Limb Amputation

4. Neuropathy

a = limb amputation

b = Neuropathy

c = retinopathy

d. nephropathy

Match

Insulin resistance

Insulin deficiency

Insulin resistance first observed during pregnancy

Type I diabetes

Type II diabetes

Gestational diabetes

Insulin resistance = Type II

Insulin deficiency = Type I

Insulin resistance first observed during pregnancy = Gestational diabetes

Match symptoms of diabetes:

Excessive urination

Excessive thirst

Excessive ingestion of food/hunger

Polydipsia

Polyuria

Polyphagia

Excessive urination = Polyuria

Excessive thirst = Polydipsia

Excessive ingestion of food/hunger = Polyphagia

What is the name of the blood test that assesses blood glycemic control over the past 2-3 months?

a. fasting blood glucose test

b. HBA1c

c. INR

d. Oral glucose tolerance test

HBA1c

What is the name of the expandable metallic device used to revascularize a blood vessel?

a. Balloon angioplasty

b. Stent

c. Shunt

d. Coronary artery bypass

Stent

Match cardiac conditions:

a. No blood flow to the heart muscle, also called a heart attack

b. Inability of the heart to pump enough blood to meet the oxygen demands of the body

c. Variations from a normal heart rhythm

d. Acute chest pain from decreased blood and oxygen supply of heart muscle

e. elevation in arterial blood pressure

f. Irregularities in heart development present at birth

Word bank:

heart failure

hypotension

arrhythmia

congenital heart disease

angina pectoris

myocardial infarction

a. = myocardial infarction

b = heart failure

c = arrhythmia

d = angina pectoris

e = hypertension

f = congenital heart disease

A heart problem that someone is born with is called:

a. coronary heart disease

d. down syndrome

c. Congestive heart failure

d. congenital heart disease

congenital heart disease

What does the "T" stand for in the "FAST" acronym for strokes?

a. Time

b. Treatment

c. Touch

d. Temporal

Time

What is happening in Infective Endocarditis?

a. The heart is beating too quickly

b. An infection damages the valves of the heart

c. the arteries that supple the heart muscle with oxygen are blocked

d. The patient needs premedication

An infection damages the valves of the heart

Which part of the heart is considered to be the pace maker of the heart?

a. Purkinje Fibers

b. Bundle of His

c. AV Node

d. SA Node

SA node

What class of medications used to treat hypertension may cause gingival hyperplasia?

a. Angiotensin Converting enzyme inhibitors

b. Diurectics

c. Beta blockers

d. Calcium Channel Blockers

Calcium Channel Blockers

The majority of hypertension (90% of cases) is:

a. Secondary

b. Primary

c. Tertiary

d. Quartenary

primary

All of the following are examples of lifestyle changes that would help improve blood pressure EXCEPT one.

a. quitting smoking

b. taking prescription medications

c. limiting dietary sodium

d. losing weight

taking prescription medications

All of the following are signs and symptoms of anxiety EXCEPT for one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

a. Indigestion

b. palpitations

c. Bradycardia

d. chest pain

Bradycardia

The primary aggressive factor for peptic ulcer disease (PUD) is

a. the presence of H. pylori

b. the ingestion of spicy foods

c. the use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)

d. the administration of antidepressant medications

the presence of H. pylori

The autoimmune form of inflammatory bowel disease that may involve any part of the GI tract is

a. ulcerative colitis

b. Crohn's disease

c.. emphysema

d. cystic fibrosis

Crohn's disease

Which condition is characterized by alternating periods of mania and depression?

a. Generalized anxiety disorder

b. bipolar disorder

c. Obsessive compulsive disorder

d. Schizophrenia

bipolar disorder

The onset of schizophrenia is typically seen around ages

a. 16-30 years

b. 40-55 years

c. 20-35 years

d. 7-15 years

16-30 years

Anorexia can involve the enlargement of which glands?

a. parotid

b. sebaceous

c. submental

d. sublingual

parotid

The term of the chemical erosion that is seen in patients who suffer from bulimia is

a. attrition

b. osmosis

c. abfraction

d. perimylolysis

perimylolysis

Which cranial nerve is affected with Bell's Palsy?

a. 7th cranial nerve

b. 5th cranial nerve

c. 2nd cranial nerve

d. 6th cranial nerve

7th cranial nerve

What is the name of the dental condition that is associated with Down Syndrome when the roots are reduced in size and the body of the tooth is enlarged?

a. Microdontia

b. Perimylolysis

c. Taurodontism

d. Anodontia

Taurodontism

The most common form of arthritis is

a. Marfan syndrome

b. rheumatoid arthritis

c. epidermolysis

d. osteoarthritis

osteoarthritis

Which autoimmune disorder causes an overproduction of collagen which gives patients a "porcelain doll" like appearance?

a. Systemic lupus erthematosus

b. Epidermolysyis bullosa

c. Marfan syndrome

d. Scleroderma

Scleroderma

What is the name of the rare genetic disorder that causes blistering of the skin with slight rubbing or irriatation?

a. Marfan syndrome

b. Rheumatoid arthritis

c. Systemic sclerosis

d. Epidermolysis bullosa

Epidermolysis bullosa

Urticaria in adults is most commonly due to

a. a reaction to medication

b. end-stage AIDS

c. a connective tissue disorder

d. xerostomia and poor oral hygiene

a reaction to medication

Erythema on both cheeks (called a butterfly rash) is commonly associated with what condition?

a. Sjogren syndrome

b. Rheumatoid arthritis

c. Lyme disease

d. Systemic lupus erythematosus

Systemic lupus erythematosus

The autoimmune disorder causing an overproduction of collagen and commonly associated with Raynaud's syndrome is

a. scleroderma

b. Marfan syndrome

c. epidermolysis bullosa

d. rheumatoid arthritis

scleroderma

What is the name of the hereditary condition of connective tissue, joints, and skeletal tissue when individuals are typically tall in stature with long, slender fingers?

a. Sceleroderma

b. Marfan syndrome

c. Epidermolysis bullosa

d. Osteoarthritis

Marfan syndrome

What is typically the first symptom of an allergy?

a. Decreased blood pressure

b. Anaphylaxis

c. Increased respiration

d. Rash

Rash

Which type is the most common form of arthritis and is the leading cause of disability in the elderly population?

a. Osteoarthritis

b. Rheumatoid arthritis

c. Lupus arthritis

d. Marfan arthritis

Osteoarthritis

In addition to salivary gland dysfunction, what else impaired with Sjogren's Syndrome?

a. islet cells of the pancreas

b. Gall bladder

c. Sebaceous glands

d. lacrimal glands

lacrimal glands

Diffuse pigmentation of the skin and mucosa is indicative of

a. Addison's disease

b. Grave's disease

c. Crohn's disease

d. Cushing's syndrome

Addison's disease

The type of anemia which involves a decrease in white blood cells, red blood cells, and platelets is

a. iron deficiency anemia

b. pernicious anemia

c. aplastic anemia

d. sickle cell anemia

aplastic anemia

The enlargement of what structure can produce a goiter?

a. Thyroid gland

b. Adrenal cortex

c. Adrenal gland

d. Parotid gland

Thyroid gland

Which of the following statements are true regarding the viral load and the progression of HIV/AIDS?

a. Viral load has nothing to do with the disease progression

b. As the disease progresses the viral load goes down

c. As the disease progresses, the viral load goes up

d. Viral load is only used when speaking of human papilloma virus

As the disease progresses, the viral load goes up

Which of the following characteristics is unique to HPV-related oral cancer?

a. It is always associated with numbness

b. It always presents as a white scaly patch

c. The tongue is the most common location for it

d. It occurs in the posterior pharynx and may be difficult to visualize on intraoral examination

It occurs in the posterior pharynx and may be difficult to visualize on intraoral examination

Exophthalmos is a side effect of hyperthyroidism and involves the

a. eyes

b. extremities

c. tonsils

d. lips

eyes

All of the following are symptoms of hypothyroidism EXCEPT for one. Which one is the EXCEPTION?

a. Hypotension

b. Weight gain

c. Cold intolerance

d. Tachycardia

Tachycardia

Which of the following oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS involves inflammation that appears as a red line where the gingiva meets the dentition?

a. Oral hairy leukoplakia

b. Recurrent herpetic infections

c. Lymphadenopathy

d. Linear gingival erythema

Linear gingival erythema

The hereditary blood disorder involving a hemoglobin defect causing red blood cells to become misshaped is

a. sickle cell anemia

b. pernicious anemia

c. leukemia

d. aplastic anemia

sickle cell anemia